Main Contents:

 The Nature of International Tally

 Category and Principles of Tally

 The services provided by tallying company

 Tallying Certificates

Definition of tally 理货的定义

 Tally involves the ship owner or cargo owner entrusting tally company at the port to conduct cargo tallying, loss and damage examination, stevedoring guidance, related document filing…

船方或货主，委托理货机构代理完成的在港口对货物进行计数、检查货物残损、指导装舱积载、制作有关单证等工作。

11.3.1 The Nature of International Tally

(1) Nature of impartiality 

公正性：理货公司对货物的数量及状况做出独立的真实的判断与确认，并出具理货证明。

(2) Nature of service

服务性：国际理货服务于委托人，在国际贸易与国际货物运输中起到重要作用。

(3) Nature of being international

涉外性：国际理货需要理货人员经常与外国船员和商人打交道。遵守外国风俗习惯显得很重要。

11.3.2 Category and Principle of Tally

(1) Category of Tally 理货的种类

   1) Compulsory tally 强制理货

all the vessels for foreign trade must apply for cargo tally when stevedoring the cargo at a country’s port.

   2) entrusted tally 委托理货

the tallying work could be conducted only after voluntary written application from the ship owner and the agreement from the tallying company.

（1）国际理货的种类

理货可以分为强制理货和委托理货两种。

1）强制理货：是指所有停靠一国港口的外贸船舶在装卸货物时必须申请当地理货机构进行理货,否则不能装卸货物。

2）委托性理货：即船舶到达某一港口后,船方或其他委托方自愿以书面形式向当地理货机构提出理货申请,经理货机构同意并办理手续后,理货工作才能进行。如船方或其他人不申请理货,理货机构则不派人上船理货,也不承担任何责任。

(2) Principle of Tally 理货的原则

 Authencity: the work of tally must be conducted on facts of the goods and truly and accurately reflect the actual condition of the goods 公正性

 Free alongside ship: the goods must be delivered alongside the ship to the consignee for purpose of tally. 船边交接

 One-off certificate signing: the result of tally must be accurately submitted to the principal for one-off signing. 一次签证

（2）国际理货的原则

理货可以分为强制理货和委托理货两种。

1）实事求是原则：实事求是原则是指理货工作必须以货物的事实为依据，理货数据准确、可靠，如实反映货物的本来面目，不能有任何弄虚作假、有意掩盖事实真相的行为。

2）船边交接原则：是指理货工作必须以船边为界限进行交接，船边交接作为划分责任、风险的界限。

3）一次签证原则：理货结果必须准确无误地提交委托方一次签证，不得随意更改签证结果。

11.3.3 The services provided by tallying company

(1) Certificate Issuance Service 

为客户提供出单服务

(2) Tallying Work to be Done on Behalf of the Ship Owner 代表船方办理的理货业务

(3) Tallying Work to be Done upon Entrustment

收发货人委托理货公司办理的理货业务

(4) Tallying Services on Container Stuffing and Devanning 集装箱装拆箱理货业务

11.3.4 Tallying Certificates

(1) Application for Tally 理货委托书

(2) Tally Sheet 计数单

(3) On-the-spot Record 现场记录

(4) Daily Report 日报单

(5) Stand-by Time Record 待时记录

(6) Over-Landed / Short-Landed Cargo List 货物溢短单

(7) Damaged Cargo List 货物残损单

(8) Cargo Hatch List 货物分舱单

(9) Discharging Report in Separate Ports 分港卸货单

(10) Stowage Plan 货物积载图

(11) Tally Certificate 理货证明书

(12) Certificate of Summary on Tally 理货结果汇总证明

(13) Tally Sheet for Containers 集装箱理箱单

(14) Outturn List for Containers 集装箱溢短/残损单

(15) Tally Sheet for Stuffing / Devanning 装/拆箱理货单

(16) Outturn List for Containerized Cargo. 集装箱货物溢短/残损单

(17) Record of Container Sealing/Seal Examining.集装箱验封/施封记录

(18) Container Stowage Plan.集装箱积载图

(19) Notice of Payment and Note on Payment.认赔通知单

(20) List of Loading / Unloading Lash Lighters.载驳船装/卸驳船清单

(21) List of Cargo Measurement.货物丈量单

(22) Rechecking List 复查单

(23) Correction List 更正单

(24) List of Marks Assorting 分标志单

(25) Cargo Tracer 查询单