Main contents

(1) Definition of IMT

(2) Advantages of IMT

(3) Types of IMT

8.3.1 Definition IMT 

• The carriage of goods by at least two different modes of transport on the basis of a multimodal transport contract from one country to another. 

按照国际多式联运合同，至少两种不同的运输方式，从一国境内运至另一国。

• MTO arranges for the transportation of goods from door to door and assumes contractual responsibility throughout.

多式联运经营人按照多式联运合同负责门到门的全程运输，对全程享有权利，承担义务。

8.3.2 Advantages of International Multimodal Transport

1. Minimizing time loss at transshipment points 缩短转运环节的时间

2. Providing faster transit of goods 提高效率

3. Reducing the burden of documentation and formalities 简化制单和结算手续

4. Saving costs 节约运输成本

5. Establishing only one agency 一个承运人

6. Reducing cost of exports 降低出口成本

8.3.3 Types of International Multimodal Transport

1. sea/air 海/空联运

2. sea/road 海/公路联运

3. rail/road/inland waterways-sea-rail/road/inland waterways 铁路/公路/内河-海洋-铁路/公路/内河联运

4. mini bridges 小陆桥

5. piggy back and 驼背运输

6. sea/train 海洋铁路联运

1. Sea/air

• Combines the economy of sea transport and the speed of air transport. 

• For high value items like electronics, electrical goods, computers. 

兼具海运的经济性和空运的快捷性

2. Air/road

• Road transport is being increasingly used for trucking air freight over long distances

• Connect with the main bases of airlines operating long haul services 

• Such as transpacific, transatlantic and intercontinental.

使用在陆路的长距离运输，陆运连接机场。

3. Rail/road/inland waterways-sea-rail/road/inland waterways 铁路/公路/内河-海洋-铁路/公路/内河联运

• when goods have to be moved by sea from one country to another. 

• for moving goods from an inland center to the seaport to an inland destination.

4. Mini-bridge

Involves the movement of containers to a port in another country and then by rail to a second port city in the second country. 

货物用集装箱为容器，将货物从一国港口运往另一国港口，再转运到目的国的铁路端点

5. Land bridge

• the transport of containers by rail between ports. 

• The system concerns itself with shipment of containers overland as a part of a sea-land-sea route. 

集装箱货物通过铁路运输将海港连接起来。将大陆运输作为海-陆-海的一部分。

6. Piggyback （驼背运输）

• Piggyback is multimodal land transportation by road and rail. (COFC, TOFC)

• It combines the speed and reliability of rail on long trunk hauls with door-to-door flexibility of road transport. 

• 公路和铁路联合，集装箱直接装上火车皮

• 集合了铁路运输的快速以及公路运输的灵活性

COFC, TOFC