Objective (教学目的)

 characteristics of land transportation 特点

 definition of international railway through transport and its advantages. 铁路运输

 the general process involved in the railway transportation 铁路运输的过程

 various types of road transport 公路运输种类

 CMR and master carrier's responsibility under CMR 国际公路公约

 the meaning of TOFC and COFC 驼背运输

Vocabulary and terminology

• Agreement On International Railroad through Transport Of Goods 国际铁路货物联运协定（简称国际货协）

• TOFC trailer-on-flatcar 平板车载运拖车驼背运输

• COFC container-on-flatcar 平板车载运集装箱驼背运输

• International Railway Through Transport 国际铁路联运

• rail transport 铁路运输

• road transport (or motor transport) 公路运输

• long haul 长途运输

• CMR (Convention de Merchandises Par Routes) 

国际公路货物运输合同公约

Main contents

1) Service Characteristics of Railway Transportation

2) Definition and Advantages of International Railway through Transport

3) Operations of Railway Transport

7.1.1 Service Characteristics of Railway Transportation

Characteristics：

 available in almost every major metropolitan center and in many smaller communities.

 providing terminal-to-terminal service

 costing less than air and road transportation. 

Types of railway transport：

1. Railway transport at home 国内

2. Railway transport to HK and Macao 港澳

3. International railway transport between two countries 两国之间

4. International railway through transport 国际联运

7.1.2 Definition and Advantages of International Railway through Transport

(1) Definition 

 It means that during cargo transfer through two or more countries by rail 两个或多个国家

 just one railway bill is issued and all the countries act as a uniform carrier and assume joint liability 一份文件，共担责任

 without the involvement of the shipper or the consignee. 收货、发货人不参与运输

(2) Advantages 

1. Simplifying the procedures and providing great convenience 简化程序，提供便利

2. Making full use of the advantages of railway transportation 充分利用铁路运输优势

3. Facilitating early settlement 提早结汇

7.1.3 Operations of Railway Transport

The process involved in railway transport

(1) The shipper places an order for a wagon.

(2) The yard office receives the order and selects a wagon.

(3) The wagon is inspected.

(4) The wagon or a group of wagons will be moved to the terminal.

(5) The loaded wagons are moved to an assembly yard (classification yard).

(6) The wagon is coupled with other wagons to form a train

(7) The completed train undertakes the line haul movement.

(8) On arrival at its destination, the train is broken up in classification yard and then the wagons are delivered to respective terminals.

(9)Goods are unloaded and the wagon is released.

（1）发货人向铁路部门提出要车申请，列明具体托运要求

（2）铁路编组站审核后接受托运申请，并根据发货人托运要求选择合适的铁路车皮。

（3）对所选车皮进行检查以保证它处于良好状态。

（4）将车皮或一组车皮运至铁路站等待装车。

（5）将装车完毕的车皮和其他发往同一目的地或目的地方向的车皮组装在一起形成整列火车。

（6）整列火车进行长途干线运输，途中可能需要停靠一些分类站及转运站以卸下或搭载一些货物。

（7）到达目的地后，火车将在编组（分类）站进行拆分，装有不同货主货物的车皮将被运到各自的终点站。

（8）将货物卸下车皮，车皮回到空车状态等待下一次装车