Objective (教学目的)

⦁ definition and features of Marine Transport

⦁ practice of International Ocean Cargo Transportation

⦁ functions, contents, use and classification of Bill of Lading

Key Points and Difficult  Points（重点及难点）

Key Points（教学重点）:

practice of international cargo marine transportation, Bill of Landing

Difficult  Points（教学难点）:

shipping services of marine transportation, freight of liners, shipping documents, classification of Bill of Lading

Vocabulary and Terminology

bulk cargo 散货

break-bulk cargo 件杂货 general cargo 

bulk carrier 散货船

general cargo ship 杂货船 generation

container ship 集装箱船

roll on-roll of (RORO) vessel 滚装船

liner / regular shipping liner 班轮运输

shipping by chartering 租船运输

voyage charter [ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ] 航次租船

time charter 定期租船

demise charter/bare-boat charter 光船租船

freight tariff,  tariff 关税，运价表

charter party 租船合同

demurrage 滞期费

dispatch 速遣费

shipping documents 装运单据

bill of landing (B/L) 海运提单

sea waybill 海运单

cargo manifest 货物仓单

shipping note 托运单

shipping order 转货单/装船单

delivery order 提货单

mate's receipt 收货单、大副单据

on board bill of lading 已装船提单

received for shipment bill of lading 备运提单

clean bill of lading 清洁提单

unclean bill of lading, foul bill of lading 不清洁提单

straight bill of lading 直达提单

order bill of lading 指示提单

blank bill of lading 空白提单

through bill of lading 联运提单

transshipment bill of lading 转船提单

contract of carriage 运输合同

document of title 物权凭证

insufficient packing 包装不良；包装不固

negotiable document 可转让单据

notify party 通知方

on board 在船上

port of lading 装货港

shipping company 海运公司，船公司

tramp service 不定期船运输

shipping conference 班轮工会

conference lines 班轮工会运输

scheduled service 定期航运

non-conference line 非班轮工会航线

common carrier 公共承运人

non-vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC) 无船承运人

Main contents

⦁ definition and features of marine transport

⦁ categories of marine freight

⦁ types of cargo ships

5.1.1 Definition and features of Marine Transport

Features of marine transport

⦁ Marine transport is the most widely used form in international trade. 使用范围广

   (over 2/3 of world trade in volume terms) done by ocean vessels. 

(1) Large volume 大运量

(2) Low freight 低运价

(3) Strong ability of traffic 通过能力强

  (1) Large volume 

⦁ The carrying is much higher than other transport mode. 

⦁ The load of a 10000-ton vessel is equal to 250-300 railway wagons.

  (2) Low freight 

⦁ The cost per ton of cargo is relatively small. 

⦁ per ton of goods is equal to 1/5 of railway freight, 1/10 of road freight, 1/25 of air freight. 

 (3)Strong ability of traffic

using natural waterways, not restricted by tracks and roads. 

Marine transport has two drawbacks. 

⦁ it is still relatively slow compared with other transport modes. 速度慢

⦁ various unpredictable risks are encountered in marine transportation 高风险

5.1.2 Maritime Freight

two categories: bulk cargo and break bulk cargo.

(1) Bulk Cargo 散货

⦁ Either dry or liquid, not packaged such as minerals (oil, coal, iron ire) and grains. 

⦁ requiring use of specialized ships such as oil tankers, and specialized facilities. 

(2) Break-bulk (non-bulk) cargo 件杂货

⦁ referring to general cargo that has been packaged in some way with the use of bags, boxes or drums. 

⦁ This cargo tends to have numerous origins, destinations and clients. 

5.1.3 Cargo Ships

⦁ Cargo ships can be categorized into the following broad types: 

(1) Bulk carriers（散货船）

to carry specific commodities, differentiated into liquid bulk and dry bulk vessels. 

(2) General cargo ships（杂货船）

carry non-bulk cargoes. Replaced by container ships.

(3) Container ships（集装箱船）

⦁ cargo ships carry truck-size intermodal containers, called containerization. 

⦁ now carrying most seagoing non-bulk cargo. 

(4) Roll on-roll off (RORO) vessels 滚装船

⦁ designed to allow cars, trucks and trains to be loaded directly on board. 

⦁ Originally appearing as ferries used on deep-sea trades.