【逐句解析】

第一句：牡丹花色艳丽,形象高雅,象征着和平与繁荣,因而在中国被称为“花中之王”。

通过句式分析，句子主干为“牡丹象征着和平与繁荣,因而被称为‘花中之王'”。故可翻译为The peony is a symbol of peace and prosperity, thus known as “the king of flowers”. 当然，“象征着和平与繁荣”也可译为symbolizes peace and prosperity；“因而被称为”还可翻译为is thus well recognized as

“花色艳丽，形象高雅”可以看作对“牡丹”特征的修饰语,故采用非限制性定语从句，或是with 引导的补充说明结构来翻译,即which is characterized with /features bright color and graceful shape，其中feature是动词，意为 “以……为特征”，或者是The peony with its bright color and graceful shape is a symbol of peace and prosperity, known as “the king of flowers” in China. 

第二句：中国许多地方都培育和种植牡丹。

“中国许多地方"可以翻译为地点状语in many places/ parts of China或者in most parts of China。整个句子可以用被动，Peonies are cultivated/ bred and grown in many parts of China. 

第三句：千百年来,创作了许多诗歌和绘画赞美牡丹。

“千百年来"可翻译为For hundreds of years/ over centuries，这一结构提示句子应该用完成时态。“赞美”可以用 “to praise/ extol” , “to sing high praise for”或者 “in praise of”。整个句子用被动结构：Over centuries many/ numerous poems and paintings have been created… 

第四句：唐代时期,牡丹在皇家园林普逼种植并被誉为国花,因而特别风行。

这句话前后两部分之间的关系是因果关系，可以采用so …that/ so much so that句式。中国的朝代用“汉语拼音+Dynasty”来表示。“特别风行”可以翻译为be extremely popular/ prevailing/ prevalent/ 或者是enjoy popularity/ be widely planted. 整个句子可以说： In the Tang Dynasty, peonies were widely planted in the Royal Garden, so much so that it was hailed as the national flower and enjoyed extreme popularity；或者Peonies were so widely planted in the imperial gardens as “the national flower” that they were extremely prevailing.

第五句：十世纪时,洛阳古城成为牡丹栽培中心,而且这一地位一直保持到今天。

“成为.....中心”可译为became the center of/for；“牡丹栽培”即peony cultivation；“而且这一地位一直保持到今天”可处理为同位语+定语从句a position that it has retained until now。

第六句：现在,成千上万的国内外游客蜂拥到洛阳参加一年一度的牡丹节,欣赏洛阳牡丹的独特之美,同时探索九朝古都的历史。

这句话的主体结构应该是“游客蜂拥而至参加牡丹节”，后面的“欣赏”和“探索”部分可处理为定语从句修饰“洛阳”。 “游客蜂拥到洛阳参加一年一度的牡丹节”可以翻译成tourists pour in/ flock to Luoyang for the annual peony festival/ to attend the annual peony festival；“欣赏洛阳牡丹的独特之美，同时探索九朝古都的历史”可以译为where they can both appreciate the unique beauty of peonies and explore the history of the ancient capital of nine dynasties.

【参考译文】 

The peony, boasting bright colors and an elegant appearance, is a symbol of peace and prosperity and thus recognized as "king of the flowers" in China. Peonies are bred and grown in many parts of the country. Over the centuries, numerous poems and paintings have been created to praise the flower. Peonies were particularly popular during the Tang Dynasty, when they were extensively cultivated in the imperial gardens and praised as the national flower. In the tenth century, the ancient city of Luoyang became the center for peony cultivation, a position it still holds today. Nowadays, thousands of tourists from home and abroad flock to Luoyang for the annual Peony Festival, where they can both appreciate the unique beauty of the city's peonies and explore the history of the ancient capital of nine dynasties.