【逐句解析】

1. 翻译第二句时，变换主语,“中国的经济大幅增长让中国成为……”或“中国成为……是因为……”。“……蓬勃发展”，句式用"with A comes B” 。

2. 翻译第三至四句时,“首先……”“最早……”“发明……”其实都是一个意思，就是中国是第一个，同义重复合译为the first country to do...即可。

3. 翻译第五句时，注意时态的一致性。这里描述的依然是宋朝时期的情况，要用过去时。此外，逻辑关系也要弄清楚:随着人口增长迅速,人们纷纷住进城市;“那里有”一般用where引导的定语从句。

4. 翻译第六句时，某事物具有某种特色或者特点一般选用feature一词。

5. 翻译第七句时，“观看”除了用watch,还可以采用隐词法处理，改为“欣赏和交易……”，使语言更加地道。

6. 翻译最后两句时，注意句子前后的逻辑关系：之所以体制先进是因为官员都是通过……任用的，后面是对前面表述的补充说明，选用主句+with的句式。

【主题分类】 汉译英：历史文化

【参考译文】

During the Song Dynasty, which lasted from 960 till1279, the economic boom made China the most developed country in the world.With the thriving economy came flourishing scenes of science, technology, philosophy and mathematics. China back then was the first country to issue paper money, use gunpowder and invent movable-type printing in the world.  As population ballooned, more and more people moved to cities where there were dynamic entertainment venues. China during the Song Dynast featured diverse social life. People gathered to appreciate and trade valuable art   works. The Song Dynast featured advanced administration, with all officials selected through competitive examination.