Part III Reading Comprehension (40minutes)

Section A

 Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

【主题分类】词汇理解 ：青少年成长

【高级表达】

1.   Hypothesis  n. 假设

2.  Press for   迫切需要，竭力推进 

3.  Adapt to   使自己适应于…

4.  Modify  v.   修改，修饰，更改

【关键句型】

  1. The adolescent becomes an adult when he undertakes real job.

     只有当他们真正承担起工作的时候，青少年才算真正成人。

    2..  Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to

      form  hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.

      Piaget 认为，青少年一旦进入（实际）工作的世界，他们新养成的进行假设的能力会让

   他们塑造出太过理想化的代表。

   3. True adaptation to society comes automatically when the adolescent reformer attempts to put

       his ideas  to work.

  当青少年改革者试图把他们的思想付诸实践时，他就会自动地对社会作出真正的适应。

     4.  Perhaps,taken slightly out of context, Piaget’s statement seems harsh.

       也许，稍微断章取义地说，Piaget的话有些尖刻。

【答案解析】

26.O undertakes 根据原文中的Theadolescent becomes an adult when he _____ a real job可知本题要填入动词，其时态要与前面的 becomes 一致，故O符合题意。

27.K occupation 本题的答案在an后面,应是元音开头的名词，由此可知 K 符合题意。

28.H existence 根据句子结构可判断此处需要填入名词，上文提到 too ideal，本句又出现 such ideals，由此可判断本句是指理想的存在，故 H 正确。

29.J intolerant 原文中rapidlyleads adolescents to become _____ of the non-idealistic world 意为 ： 前面的那种理想似的想法会迅速导致青年人 _____ 这非理想化的世界。选项 J符合逻辑。

30.A automatically 本题需要填入副词。原文提到 true adaptation to society comes _____，意为： _____ 去适应社会。由此可知 A 项 符合逻辑。

31.N slightly  由 taken _____out of context可判断 taken后应加副词，take out ofcontext意为“断章取义” ，N项符合题意。

32.E emphasizing  本句应填入动词的 -ing形式，构成过去进行时，emphasize意为“强调” 。这里意为 ：他所强调的是…

33.M recession 根据原文中的 As careers and vocations become less available during times of _____ 可知，在萧条时期才不好找工作，由此可知 recession（衰退，不景气）符合题意。

34.D  confused 由原文中的 Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents _____ about their roles insociety 可知 confused（迷茫的，困惑的）符合逻辑，confused about 意为“对…感到困惑，迷茫”。

35.B beneficial 副词后面可接形容词，选项中 beneficial 意为“有益的，有利的”，符合逻辑。

SectionB

Directions: Inthis section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose aparagraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer thequestions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

【主题分类】长篇阅读  社会发展与环境保护

【高级表达】

1.   Stereotype  n.  模式化形象，成见

2.  He is far from alone     绝不止他一个人。

3.  Environmental degradation  环境恶化

4.   Boom growth and bust decline  繁荣的增长与萧条的衰退

5. Grope about frantically for…  疯狂地到处搜寻...

【关键句型】

   1. That statement comes not, as you might imagine, from a … but from Gordon Brown, a politician  with …

  这句话并不是如你想象那样出自一个人们固有认知中的拥抱大树，拯救地球的 环保主义

  者，而是来自一个因严谨性、彻底性甚至异常谨慎而著称的政治家戈登布郎。

   2. Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups…and you will find that

        the linkage … is a common thread.

  浏览联合国各机构和发展组织（其中许多是为了今年的《千年目标》审议等会议）准备的

  报告，你会发现环境保护和经济发展之间的联系是在一条共同的主线上的。

 3.The singleword “environment” has so many dimensions, and there are so many other

       factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment

       relationship would be almost impossible.  

  环境这个词是包含了多个维度的。有众多的因素会影响一个社会的财富，比如油田，所

  以试图提炼一个至简的经济-环境关系几乎是不可能的。

 4.There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seeds of a global …disaster. The

        idea is that we are taking more…. than it can sustain; we are living beyond our ecological means.

  有这样一个观点，人类在不可避免地为一个全球性的灾难埋下祸根。这个观点认为我们掠

  取的已超出生态系统的承受；我们的生活超出了生态环境的承受能力。

 5.That question，...  is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond

       its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.

  这个问题在我们这个多样化的星球上反复出现，最终到底是什么决定了人类在追求经济复

  兴的过程中是否超越了生态环境的承受之力。

【答案解析】

36. I  根据题干中的关键词 example，rich and poor countries 可将答案定位至 I 段。本段提到 But there are also many examples ofgrowing wealth by trashing the environment, in rich and poor parts of the worldalike （富国和穷国都通过破坏环境来创造财富），trash the environment 与 exploited the environment 相对应。

37. C   由题干中的关键词 environmental protection and improvement可将答案定位至C段，本段提到 The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world（人类环境的保护和改善是影响到世界人民幸福和经济发展的主要问题）。题干是原文的概括。

38.L 由题干中的关键词 necessarily可将答案定位至 L 段。 本段提到 ： So it is saying that economicdevelopment should make for a cleaner world? Not necessarily（经济发展未必会造成一个更干净的世界），由此可知本题与原文所述相符。

39.D  由题干中的关键词 common 可将答案定位至 D 段，本段提到：you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread（环境保护和经济发展之间的联系是一个共同的思路）。由此可知本题是原文的同义转述。

40.K 由题干中的关键词 development agencies可将答案定位至 K 段，本段提到 development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues; while some, like the WRI, maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development, others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy, and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation（各发展机构对环境问题有不同的意见 ： 一些机构，如世界资源研究所认为环境改善需要与经济发展携手前进，而也有机构认为首先应做的是打造繁荣发展的经济，然后用获得的财富来解决环境恶化问题）。由此可判断出在保证经济发展的情况下，对于如何处理环境问题，发展机构之间意见不统一。

41. E  由题干中的关键词 evidence 可将答案定位至 E段，本段提到：Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy（根据千禧生态系统评估报告，可持续地管理生态系统比掠夺消耗它更有好处。但是找到确凿的证据来支持这一论点并不容易）。由此可知 E 是原文的同义转述。

42.G 根据题干中的关键词 ecosystem和rewarding可将答案定位至G段，由原文中的managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term, but certainly brings long-term rewards（可持续地管理生态系统 —— 与自然和谐相处，而不是破坏它 ——在短期内可能没有多大好处，但是一定会带来长期的回报）。由此可知 G 是原文的同义转述。

43. A  由题干中的关键词 politician，cautious，depends on the natural environment 可将答案定位至A段，一位政治家说道：If our economies are to flourish, if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends（如果想让我们的经济繁荣，如果想消除全球贫困，如果还想让世界的人民更加康乐——不仅是这一代，还要世世代代都这样——我们必须珍惜经济活动赖以生存的自然环境和资源）。A 项是原文的概括。

44. N  由题干中的 poor countries可将答案定位至 N段，本段提到As countries become richer, they produce more greenhouse gases; and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world（随着国家日益富有，它们会产生更多的温室气体，这些气体则主要影响世界上的贫穷国家）。由此可知，穷国在承受富国经济发展带来的代价。题干是原文的概括。

45. J  根据题干中的关键词 one recent study可将答案定位至 J 段，本段提到 One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this “ecological overshoot of the human economy,” and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in, and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt。这一小段都在讲人类发展经济造成的“生态超载”问题，警告说我们生存的这个地球在未来某一时刻将会停止运转。

Section C

Directions: Thereare two passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

【主题分类】仔细阅读：经济

【高级表达】

 1. Interactive television advertising  互动电视广告

 2. Rolling out  铺开，滚动播出

 3.Click-through rates  点击率

 4. Novelty  n. 新生事物

 5. Skepticism  n. 怀疑， 怀疑的态度，怀疑论

 【关键句型】

 1.  Some are turning to the Internet, which is … like click-through rates—especially important at a  

     time when marketing budgets are tight.

   一些人转向了互联网，因为它更便宜，而且提供了诸如点击率这样的具体的衡量标准，尤

   其是在营销预算紧张的时候。

   2 . In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not.

   理论上讲，互动广告可以吸引观众，而三十秒的广告是做不到的。

 3.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a “lean back” medium, crave interaction.

  然而，人们对电视这种“向后靠”的媒体（会让观众）渴望互动仍存在疑问。

【答案解析】

46. D 题干句尾已将答案定位至第一段，本段提到It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years（在过去十到十二年间每年大家都在热议互动广告），再结合第二段第一句话 由逻辑关系可知互动广告并未取得预想的结果，D 与原文同义。

47. C 由题干中的关键词Cablevision 可将答案定位至第二段，本段提到：So the news that Cablevision, an American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism（美国有线电视公司宣布自 10 月 6 日起向其所有消费者开放互动广告服务， 但受到了大家的质疑）。skepticism意为“怀疑态度”，由此可知 C 是原文的同义转述。

48.C本题意为：数字视频录像机的普遍使用对电视广告业有何影响？根据题干中的关键词digital video recorders 可将答案定位至第三段，本段提到Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped（上半年支出下降了 10%。数字视频录像机的普及令广告商们担心，自己的广告将被忽略）。由此可推断出数字视频录像机的普及使电视广告业处于不利地位。C项place… at a great disadvantage意为： 使……处于极为不利的地位。C 项是原文的概括，故选 C。

49.B 根据题目中的关键词 Unilever 可将答案定位至第四段，该段提到Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant, which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average （联合利华最近推出其除臭剂的互动活动， 观众的平均观看时间超过了 3 分钟）。这表明该广告十分吸引观众，由此可知 B 正确。

50. A由题干中的关键词click-through 可将答案定位至最后一段，本段提到：Click-through rates have been high so far (around3–4%, compared with less than0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty（到目前为止，点击率一直很高，是因为新奇）。选项A 中的novel way是novelty的同义转述。

Passage Two

【主题分类】仔细阅读：工作与职场

【高级表达】

1. Mass unemployment  大规模失业

2. Self-proclaimed experts  自称是专家的人

3. Defense buildup  国防建设

4. Fiscal stimulus  财政刺激

5. To jump-start 快速启动

【关键句型】

1.  But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view.

    

   不要费心去寻找证明这种悲观看法的证据。

   2. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment。

  这些证据与我们遭受结构性失业的说法相矛盾。

   3. But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action 

      on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy.

  但是现在，和当时一样，强大的力量在意识形态上反对政府采取足够大规模的行动来快速启 动经济的想法。

  4.  And that is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying。 They offer a

     reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling our economy and our society.

这就是为什么那些声称我们面临巨大结构性问题的言论越来越多。它们提供了一个理由，让

我们对正在削弱我们的经济和社会的大规模失业无动于衷。

【答案解析】

51. B    由题干中的关键词the root cause of 可将答案定位至第二段，本段提到：all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand（所以证据表明，美国的高失业是需求不足的结果）。B 项是原文的 inadequate demand的同义转述。

52. D 由题干中的关键词 expert 可将答案定位至第四段，本段提到：because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious（专家和分析人士认为， 宣称这一问题根源很深， 不易回答， 可以使他们听上去很严肃），由此可知 D 项Groundless（无理由的，无根据的）符合题意。A项 Self-evident意为“不言而喻的”，B 项 Thought-provoking意为“发人深省的” ，C 项 Irrational 意为“不合理的” 。

53. A 由题干的关键词 Great Depression 可将答案定位至倒数第三段，本段提到A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers（几年之后，大笔国防支出终于提供了足够的财政刺激来适应经济的需要 —— 突然间，企业开始雇用那些“不合适和没经过训练的”员工）。A项是 a large defense 的同义替换，由此可知A符合逻辑。

54. A 由题干中的关键词 huge structural problems 可将答案定位至倒数第二段：as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea ofgovernment action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy（强大势力在思想意识上完全反对政府在启动经济方面做出巨大努力），后面又提到 And that, fundamentally, is why claimsthat we face huge structural problems have been multiplying（这便是究竟为什么越来越多的声音宣称我们面临巨大的结构性问题）。由此可知A 项是原文的同义转述。

55. C 最后一段提到As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—areason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed（正如我所言，结构性失业并不是真正的问题，它是一个借口——当迫切需要采取行动解决美国问题的时候，人们才有理由不作为） 。作者的意思是迫切需要政府采取行动，故选C。