Conversation 1

【主题分类】长对话：偶像，人物描写

【高级表达】

Adoration n. 倾慕，喜爱

Poised adj. 姿态端庄

Inadequate adj. 不足

Costume n. 制服，戏服

Dedicated adj. 致力于

【关键句型】

1. I would give anything to be more like Audrey Hepburn. 为了更像奥黛丽•赫本，我愿意付出所有。

2. For me, my adoration goes beyond her movies. 对我而言，我对她的崇拜已经超乎电影之外。

3. That costume is often referred to as the most famous little black dress of all time. 那个装束常被誉为有史以来最著名的小黑裙。

4. Roman Holiday was her first big break which made her a star.《罗马假日》让她一炮而红，成了大明星。

【听力原文】

W: Wow, I would give anything to be more like Audrey Hepburn.

M: I never really understood why so many girls were such big fans of her. I mean, I've seen the famous films, Roman Holiday, Break fast at Tiftany’s and a few others, but I still don’t fully get it. Was she that great of an actress?

W: Well, for me, my adoration goes beyond her movies. She had such a classic elegance about her. She was always so poised, in part because she spent years training as a ballet dancer before becoming an actress.

M: Why didn't she stick to dancing as a career?

W: It seems it was fate. She suffered from inadequate nutrition during the war, and therefore, a career as a professional dancer would have been too demanding on her body. So she focused on acting instead. Roman Holiday was her first big break which made her a star.

M: Was that the film that opened with her shopping for jewelry in New York city? You know, the scene she was wearing a black dress and dark sunglasses with a pearl necklace and long black gloves. I see the photo of her in that costume everywhere.

W: No, that one is Breakfast at Tiffany's. That costume is often referred to as the most famous little black dress of all time. Her character in that film is very outgoing and charming, even though in real life, Audrey always described herself as shy and quiet.

M: So what did she do after her acting career?

W: She dedicated much of her life to helping children in need. Her family received international aid during the war when she was growing up. I think that left a big impression on her. That's where I got the idea to volunteer for children's charity next weekend.

M: I'll join you. I may not be as charming as Audrey Hepburn, but Fm all for supporting a good cause.

【答案解析】

Q1: What does the man say he never really understood?

答案：D。D同义改写第2段男士话语“我从未真正搞懂过为何那么多女孩是她（即奥 黛丽•赫本）的铁杆粉”。A为干扰项，虽使用一些文中信息，但文中并未比较二者名气。B也使用到文中个别信息作为干扰，但文中未比较赫本男女粉丝的数量。C借第1段女士话语“我愿意付出一切，为了更加像奥黛丽赫本”干扰，但这并非男士的疑惑所在。

Q2: What prevented Audrey Hepburn from becoming a professional dancer?

答案：B。B准确概括女士所回答的“她战争时期缺乏营养，将舞蹈作为事业可能会让她的身体吃不消”。A利用第7段对赫本的性格描写干扰，但与赫本放弃舞蹈转攻演艺没有因果关系。C将第5段第3句“赫本（因身体原因） 将事业焦点转向表演”改为了“赫本因兴趣原因由舞蹈变为表演”。D将第9段信息“赫本家 人接受经济援助”改为了“她的家人停止对她的经济支持”。

Q3: What do we learn about Audrey Hepburn in real life?

答案：A。A是对第7段“现实生活中，赫本总将自己描述为一个腼腆、安静的人”的同义转述，shy and quiet义同选项not an outgoing person。 B和D借助赫本自述性格“腼腆、安静”'与饰演角色性格“外向、迷人”的反差分别捏造出她“为人谦逊、工作努力”、“不怎么乐观”，但对话中并无信息支持。C把角色性格outgoing“好交际的，外向的”引发为easy-going“脾气随和的，温和的”，但对话中并无信息支持。

Q4: Why did Audrey Hepburn devote much her life to charity after her acting career?

答案：D。D正确概括第9段前三句所揭示的因果关系：赫本小时候一家受到国际援 助，这给她留下了深刻印象，故息影后投身慈善事业。A在“赫本演绎不同角色”与“赫本息影后投身慈善”之间强拉因果，文中无信息支持。B曲解第9段I think that left a big impression on her中that所指“赫本一家受到援助”而非“父母教导赫本要同情穷人”。C将第9 段信息“赫本小时候一家受到国际援助”改为“赫本从小学做志愿者工作”。

Conversation 2

【主题分类】长对话：公司组织管理

【高级表达】

Restructuring n. 组织重构

Touch n.润色

Consultation n.咨询

Presentation n. 陈述，演示

【关键句型】

1. We really need to get everyone on board. 我们确实需要让所有人都参与进来。

2. We need to make it clear that it's not just change for change's sake. 我们需要说清楚的是，不是为了变动而变动。

3. I’ll start with a brief review of the reasons for the change that we really need to make a clean break to restart growth. 我会先简述变革的理由：为了重启增长，我们确实需要做个彻底的了断。

【听力原文】

W: So, how is our presentation about the restructuring of the company coming along?

M：Fine. I'm putting the finishing touches to it now.

M:. But we'll have to be prepared for questions.

W: Yes, there's already a feeling that this is a top-down change. We really need to get everyone on board.

M: Well, there's been an extensive consultation period.

W: I know, but there's always the feeling that if it isn't broke, don't fix it.

M: People are worried about their jobs, too. I think we need to stress that while there will be some job changes, there won't be anyone getting dismissed. In fact, we’re looking to take on more staff.

W: Agreed. You can hardly blame people for worrying though. We need to make it clear that it's not just change for change's sake. In other words, we really must make the case for why we are doing it.

W:So what’s the outline of the presentation?

M: I’ll start with a brief review of the reasons for the change that we really need to make a clean break to restart growth. After that I’ll outline the new company's structures and who's going where. Then I'll hand it over to you to discuss the timeline and summarize and well take questions together at the end. Anything else?

W: Oh, yeah, we should let the staff know the channels of communication, you know, who they can contact or direct questions to about these changes.

M: Yes, and we can collect some frequently asked questions and present some general answers.

W: Um, and we'll make the presentation and the questions available via the company's own computer network, right?

M: Yes, we’ll make a page on the network where staff can download all the details.

W: All right. Perhaps we should do a practice run of the presentation first.

M: You bet.

【答案解析】

Q5: What is the man going to do?

答案：A。首轮对话中男士表示他正在为汇报做 最后的润色，其中 it 指代 presentation，可见男士将就公司整改情况作汇报，A正确。B将第3段男士是“回答听众问题的汇报人”改为“提问题的听众”。C将文中“对公司整改做汇报”改为“创建一家新公司”。D利用习语get everyone on board （让大家都参与进来）捏造出一个董事会议 a board meeting。

Q6: What does the man say about the restructuring?

答案：C。C符合第7段男士话语“没有任何人会被解雇”。 A和B利用第10段restart growth捏造出“削减生产成本”和“提高生产率”，对话中未涉及相关内容。D与第7段男士话语“我们希望雇用更多员工”相反。

Q7: What will the man explain first?

答案：B。B同义复现了男士汇报的第一步，其中 the change 回指上文提到的 the restructuring of the company 。 A和C分别源于第 10 段末句 discuss the timeline 和第 11 段女士补充的 the channels of communication, 但均不属于第一步。D将第10段“新公司的架构”改为“公司的新使命”。

Q8: How can the staff learn more about the company's restructuring?

答案：D。13段男士回答女士“要做一个网页供员工下载详情”，可见员工能通过访问公司内网了解整改信息。A和B指出了员工沟通的对象， 实际文中并未明确员工可与谁沟通。C将第11段女士建议“要让员工了解沟通渠道”改为“探索多样的沟通渠道”。

Passage One

【主题分类】听力篇章：心理治疗，动物

【高级表达】

Bump v. 颠簸

Therapy n. 心理治疗

Interact v. 互动

Startle v. 惊吓

【关键句型】

1. ...... on top of the general anxiety that nervous passengers always feel. ......神经紧张的乘客更是普遍总会感到焦虑。

2. ......., so they are used to having luggage and people crowding around them. ......因此习惯了人和行李在它们身边挤来挤去。

3. This little bit of support can sometimes make a big difference. 这点小小的支持有时会使得情形大为不同。

【听力原文】

Airline passengers have to deal with a lot these days, getting bumped from flights and losing luggage on top of the general anxiety that nervous passengers always feel.

At the Cincinnati/Northem Kentucky International Airport, miniature horses deliver a calming force two times a month. Denver and Ruby are two of the 34 therapy horses brought in from a local farm. They can usually be found in the ticket counter area interacting with travelers.

More than 30 airports across the country now have therapy dogs. San Francisco has a therapy pig. San Jose, California, began a dog program after the terrorist attacks of September 11. Since its beginning, the program has now grown and has 21 therapy dogs and a therapy cat.

The animals don't get startled. They have had hundreds of hours of airport training, so they are used to having luggage and people crowding around them. These professional animals are probably better at finding their way in the airports than the most frequent of travelers.

The passengers often say that seeing animals makes them feel much better and helps them to calm down before a flight. This little bit of support can sometimes make a big difference. Some passengers enjoy the animals so much that they call the airport to schedule flights around their visits.

Visits to nursing homes and schools are also a regular part of the horses5 schedule. Their owner is already working on a new idea for a therapy animal donkeys.

【答案解析】

Q9: What is special about the Cincinnati/Northem Kentucky International Airport?

答案：C。C概括了第二段主要内容“辛辛那提/北肯塔基国际机场引进迷你马/治疗马”安抚紧张的乘客，为正确项。A将 miniature horses理解为“宠物”，不符合文中对动物定义为“心理理疗师”。B认为“马/驴多用于驮物”，文中没有提及。D所述的“乘客带动物出行”，文中并未提及。

Q10 : What are the trained animals probably capable of doing in an airport?

答案：B。第四段末句指出“这些受过训练的专业动物可能比出行最频繁的旅客还要善于机场认路”，B符合该信息，正确。A和C分别利用导盲犬、缉毒犬等受过训练的动物的技能设置干扰，但并非本文关注的“动物理疗师”的能力。D所述的“照顾患病乘客”，文中未提及，系对therapy一词的误解。

Q11 : What do some passengers try to do?

答案：A。第五段末句指出，一些乘客非常喜欢这些动物，甚至会打电话给机场将自己的航班安排在它们的来访期，A为正确项。文中没有提到“拍摄照片”、“宠物”相关信息，排除B和D。 C所述乘客自己养动物进行心理治疗，文中没提及。

Passage Two

【主题分类】篇章：文化，艺术

【高级表达】

Mansion n. 大宅

Preserve v. 保留，保存

Fragment n. 片段，碎片

Stringed adj. 有弦的，带弦的

Station adj. 驻扎

Sophistication n. 老成练达

【关键句型】

1. Patches of paint still cling to the stone walls of the bedroom and reception hall. 一片一片的颜料仍然附着在卧室及接待大厅的石墙之上。

2. These pieces have been put back together with great care and display a variety of images. 这些碎片已经被悉心拼接复原，展示出各种图像。

3. The paintings were done with such skill and with such expensive dyes that experts believe the artists originally came from Italy.这些壁画的技巧极其精湛，使用的颜料非常昂贵，因此专家们认为这些画师最初来自意大利。 

【听力原文】

Hello, viewers. Today I'm standing at the 2000-year-old Roman-era site. Here the brightly-colored scenes that once decorated a mansion are being dug up. These scenes are turning up in the southern French city of Arles, surprising the historians who have been working here since 2014.

Patches of paint still cling to the stone walls of the bedroom and reception hall. Some of these painted walls are preserved in places to a height of one meter. In addition, thousands of fragments that fell off the walls have been recovered.

These pieces have been put back together with great care and display a variety of images. Some of these images include figures never seen before in France, such as a woman playing a stringed instrument, possibly a character from mythology.

The paintings were done with such skill and with such expensive dyes that experts believe the artists originally came from Italy. They were likely hired by one of the city's elite.

Perhaps a Roman official wanted Pompeii-like interior to remind him of home. He was probably stationed in this provincial trading port founded in 46 B. C. as a colony for veterans of the Roman army. Or maybe a wealthy local wanted to show off his worldly sophistication.

The paintings may yield even more stunning surprises as additional sections are put together, like pieces of a puzzle. Whoever it was that created such magnificent pieces of art, they surely had no idea that their work would still be around thousands of years later.

【答案解析】

Q12 : Where is the speaker standing?

答案：C。C契合开篇信息“现在，我（讲话人）正站在古罗马时期遗址上；这里（人们）正在挖掘一座宅邸的壁画”。A虽然复现原文部分词语，体现墙体特征， 但原文讲话人没说自己就在墙边。B将文中“一座古罗马时期的宅邸”改成了“一座古罗马城市的大门”。D同样把原文“古罗马时期”改为了罗马这一地点。

Q13 : What do the thousands of fragments display when they are put back together?

答案：A。A符合第三段信息“碎片拼接后展示出各种图像”。B将a variety of和mythology糅杂，指出壁画展示了多位神话英雄，但文中只是推测“壁画所呈现的形象之一来自神话人物”。C 将a variety of和a stringed instrument糅杂，以偏概全。D所说的“法国艺术家”，文中猜测的是“意大利”。

Q14:What makes experts think the paintings were done by artists from Italy?

答案：D。D复现第四段信息专家凭借颜料的昂贵等认为画师来自意大利。A中expertise虽近义复现skill,但 originality与originally意思：文中指画师当初来自何方，而非画作具有原创性。B）虽然复现 文中worldly sophistication,但这是 关于"壁画拥有者”的信息，而非对“壁画/画师"的特点描 述。C）虽然符合壁画本身特点，但不足以以此确定壁画作者的国籍。

Q15:What do we learn from the passage about the owner of the mansion?

答案：B。B符合第五段对宅邸主人的推测他可能是古罗马帝国官员也可能是当地一名富人，因此并不确定。 A干扰源自文中worldly sophistication，但由此仅可以得知也许这是某一当地富人为了显得自己老成练达（有能力欣赏高雅艺术）而请人绘制壁画，与“品味高雅的人”存在语义偏差。C将“出土的壁画在当今已可以算作古董”歪曲为“宅邸主人在当时收集古董”。D将from Italy和a wealthy local杂糅，但前者指“画师”，后者才指“宅邸主人”。

Recording One

【主题分类】篇章：科研

【高级表达】

Empirical adj. 实证的

Confine v. 限制

Spur  v. 鼓励，刺激

Allure  n. 诱惑

Coalition n. 联合

【关键句型】

1. ......, we are seeing mergers of some of the greatest scientific minds, regardless of their location. 我们看到一些顶级科学家正在强强联合，而无论其地理位置如何。

2. This is more than twice the level of two decades ago. 这一比例是20年前的两倍多。

3. ......, says that the rising collaboration is partly out of necessity. 这种合作的增加在一定程度上是出于必要。

4. These new complications require the money and labor of many nations. 这些新的复杂情形要求多国投入金钱与人力。

5. As a consequence, they lag behind other disciplines. 因此，他们（的国际合作）落后于其他学科。

【听力原文】

Good afternoon,class.Today I want to discuss with you a new approach to empirical research.

In the past, scientists often worked alone. They were confined to the university or research center where they worked.

Today, though, we are seeing mergers of some of the greatest scientific minds, regardless of their location. There has never been a better time for collaborations with foreign scientists.

In fact, the European Union is taking the lead. Spurred on by funding policies, half of European research articles had international co-authors in 2007. This is more than twice the level of two decades ago. The European Union's level of international co-authorship is about twice that of the United States, Japan and India.

Even so, the levels in these countries are also rising. This is a sign of the continued allure of creating scientific coalitions across borders.

Andrew Schubert, a researcher at the Institute for Science Policy Research, says that the rising collaboration is partly out of necessity. This necessity comes with the rise of big science. Many scientific endeavors have become more complicated. These new complications require the money and labor of many nations.

But he says collaborations have also emerged because of increased possibilities. The Internet allows like-minded scientists to find each other. Simultaneously, dramatic drops in communication costs ease long-distance interactions.

And there is a reward. Studies of citation counts show that internationally co-authored papers have better visibility. Schubert says international collaboration is a way to spread ideas in wider and wider circles.

Caroline Wagner, a research scientist at George Washington University, notes that international collaborations offer additional flexibility. Whereas local collaborations sometimes persist past the point of usefulness because of social or academic obligations, international ones can be cultivated and dropped more freely.

The collaborative trend is true across scientific disciplines. Some fields, though, have a greater tendency for it.

Particle physicists and astronomers collaborate often. This is because they must share expensive facilities. Mathematicians, by contrast, tend historically towards solitude. As a consequence, they lag behind other disciplines. However, Wagner says partnerships are rising there, too.

The level of collaboration also varies from country to country. There are historical and political reasons as to why collaborations emerge, says Wagner. This rise is also apparently boosted by policies embedded in European Framework funding schemes. These policies underlie funding requirements that often require teamwork.

【答案解析】

Q16: What do we learn about the research funding policies in the European Union?

答案：A。A是对第四段第2句“在欧盟资助政策的激励下，欧洲有一半的论文是国际合作完成的”以及文末两句“合作的增强与欧盟资助政策有关，这些政策强调团队合作”的合理概括。B和D分别由“基础科研极其重要”及“欧盟内部互帮互助”这两项常识编造而来，在文中缺少依据。C中使用到了“实证研究”一次，但文中并没有指出这些政策极度强调实证研究。

Q17: Why do researchers today favour international collaboration?

答案：D。 第六段提到国际合作增强的原因是“科研工作变复杂，需要多国合力（国际合作）”， 因此D正确。A和C臆断研究者寻求国际合作是为了寻求国际关注或追赶国际潮流，但文章并未谈及他们的主观动机。B“认为众人拾柴火焰高”，文中无信息支持。

Q18: What do we learn about the field of mathematics?

答案：C。C正确阐释了“因为数学家历来喜欢单干，所以数学在国际合 作方面落后于其他学科”这一因果关系。A与文中所说的数学界当下趋势“合作增加”相悖。B数学界“在合作上落后于其他学科”夸大为“许多前所未有的挑战”。D主观判断“数学界要求更多资助以摆脱落后”，文中无此信息。

Recording Two

【主题分类】篇章：天文，科技

【高级表达】

Proclaim v. 宣称

Altitude n. 高度

Identical adj. 一致

Density n. 密度

Presumably adv. 被假设地

【关键句型】

1. As a kid, I thrilled to tales of adventure....... 作为一个孩子，冒险故事令我无比激动

2. Trapped in the burning death-grip of a runaway greenhouse effect, Venus has long been held up as a cautionary tale for everything that could go wrong on a planet like Earth. （由于）身陷失控温室效应所造成的灼热死亡牢笼，金星一直被当作警示教材，警醒人们在地球这类行星上可能会发生的任何糟糕的事。

3. Measurements of density and composition imply that Venus originally formed out of basically the same stuff as Earth. 针对金星密度和组成成分的测量数据显示，金星最初的构成元素和地 球基本相同。

【听力原文】

Good evening. In 1959, on the day that 1 was born, a headline in Life magazine proclaimed "Target Venus: There May be Life There!" It told of how scientists rode a balloon to an altitude of 80,000 feet to make telescope observations of Venus's atmosphere and how their discovery of water raised hopes that there could be living things there.

As a kid, I thrilled to tales of adventure and Isaac Asimov's juvenile science-fiction novel Lucky Starr and the Oceans of Venus. For many of my peers, though, Venus quickly lost its romance.

The very first thing that scientists discovered with a mission to another planet was that Venus was not at all the Earthly paradise that fiction had portrayed. It is nearly identical to our own planet in bulk properties such as mass, density, and size. But its surface has been cooked and dried by an ocean of carbon dioxide.

Trapped in the burning death-grip of a runaway greenhouse effect, Venus has long been held up as a cautionary tale for everything that could go wrong on a planet like Earth. As a possible home for alien life, it has been voted the planet least likely to succeed.

But I have refused to give up on Venus, and over the years my stubborn loyalty has been justified. The rocky views glimpsed by Venera 9 and other Russian landers suggested a tortured volcanic history. That was confirmed in the early 1990s by the American Magellan orbiter, which used radar to peer through the planet thick clouds and map out a rich, varied, and dynamic surface. The surface formed mostly in the last billion years, which makes it fresher and more recently active than any rocky planet other than Earth.

Russian and American spacecraft also found hints that its ancient climate might have been wetter, cooler, and possibly even friendly to life. Measurements of density and composition imply that Venus originally formed out of basically the same stuff as Earth. That presumably included much more water than the tiny trace we find blowing in the thick air today.

Thus, our picture of Venus at around the time life was getting started on Earth is one of warm oceans, probably rich with organic molecules, splashing around rocky shores and volcanic vents. The sun was considerably less bright back then. So, Venus was arguably a cozier habitat for life than Earth.

【答案解析】

Q19 : What do we learn from the Life magazine article?

答案：B。B项同义改写了该文章开篇指明的主要讲述内容之一“科学家们在金星上发现水”。A利用个别单词balloon、Venus干扰，听时应注意与这名词相关的动作信息（乘气球、观测金星 大气层）。C将Venus's atmosphere和discovery进行干扰。D项在开篇对杂志文章的介绍中并未提及。

Q20 : What are scientists' findings about Venus?

答案：A。A概括了原文所述的“在质量、密度和大小等整体性质上，金星与我们的星球类似”。 B与科学家们关于金星的发现，即“根本就不是小说里描绘的那片，人间天堂”相悖，注意绝对否定表述 not at all。 C 利用 a possible home for alien life 及 the Earthly paradise 等碎片信息干扰，但无视否定表达“最不可能成真”。D项无中生有，原文并未对金星和地球进行地质方面的比较。

Q21: What information did Russian and American space probes provide about Venus?

答案：B。B准确概述俄美两国航天器的发现：金星的远古气候可能比现在更加湿润凉爽， 甚至可能利于生命存在，a cozy habitat for life同义改写friendly to life。 A项与原文“金星过 去的气候可能比现在更加凉爽”相悖。C项将对比点从金星自身今昔对比改为了地球和金星的对比。D中信息，原文未提及。

Recording Three

【主题分类】篇章：心理，文化 

【高级表达】

Psychology n. 心理学

self-enhancing adj. 自我提升的

Endowment n. 禀赋

Exploratory adj. 探索的

Promising adj. 有前景的

【关键句型】

1. I specialize in cultural psychology, examining similarities and differences between East Asians and North Americans. 我专门从事文化心理学研究，探究东亚人和北美人的异同。

2. So we've been looking at other ways of seeing whether this motivation to view oneself positively is shaped by cultural experiences. 因此我们一直在仔细考虑其他方法，来弄清积极看待自己的动因是否受文化经历的影响。

3. We usually start off with the more affordable methods and if everything looks promising, then it will justify trying to build a sleep lab and study sleep across cultures that way. 我们往往从负担得起的（研究）方法起步，要是前景看好，那么设法建玄睡眠实 验室并以这种方法来进行跨文化睡眠研充就证明是合理的了。

【听力原文】

I'm a psychology professor at the University of British Columbia. I specialize in cultural psychology, examining similarities and differences between East Asians and North Americans.

Our research team has been looking at cultural differences in self-enhancing motivations? how people have positive feelings towards not only themselves, but things connected to themselves. For example, when you own something, you view it as more valuable than when you don't own it. It’s called the“endowment effect”. The strength of that effect is stronger in Western cultures than in East Asian cultures. So we've been looking at other ways of seeing whether this motivation to view oneself positively is shaped by cultural experiences.

We've also started to look at how culture shapes sleep. We are still in the exploratory stages of this project although what's noteworthy is that East Asians on average sleep about an hour and a half less each night than North Americans do. And it*s not a more efficient sleep, not like they're compressing relatively more value out of their hours. Other studies have found that even infants in East Asia sleep about an hour less than European infants. So we're trying to figure out how culture shapes the way you sleep.

Our experiment does not take place in a sleep lab. Instead, we lend people motion-detecting watches, and they wear them for a week at a time. Whenever they are not having a shower or swimming, they keep it on. These kinds of watches are used in sleep studies as a way of measuring how long people are sleeping, how efficient their sleep is, and whether they are waking up in the night.

Ideally, I'd like to take this into a controlled lab environment. We’ll see where the research points us. We usually start off with the more affordable methods and if everything looks promising, then it will justify trying to build a sleep lab and study sleep across cultures that way.

Why do we study sleep? Sleep is something that has really been an unexplored topic cross-culturally. I'm attracted to it because culture isn’t something that only shapes the way our minds operate; it shapes the way our bodies operate too, and sleep is at the intersection of those.

【答案解析】

Q22: What does the speaker mainly study?

答案：C。C同义复现首段所述“我的专业是文化心理学”_o A将第3段东亚人的睡眠情况较北美人少这一信息改为了失眠。B中“跨文化”是文中信息，但“交流”是干扰信息。D将第2段首句“研究自我提升动因方面的文化差异，人们如 何积极看待自己”改为了“研充动因和积极情感”。

Q23: What does the speaker say about North Americans?

答案：D。D的概括符合第3段第2句指出的“东亚人平均每晚比北美人少睡约一个半小时”这一事实。A由第3段第2句“东亚人比北美人睡得少”过度推测出“北美人重视睡眠”；B将其反向改为北美人入睡困难；C用到了原文中的efficiency一词，但所述原文中未提及。

Q24: How did the speaker conduct the sleep study?

答案：C，符合4段第2句所说研究方法：借给人们运动监测手表，让其佩戴一周。A在 录音中无信息支撑；B与第4段第1句“我们未在睡眠实验室进行实验”相悖；D利用第4句提及的手表监测的内容进行干扰，但原文是表明监测为“动作感应”，而非“录下影像视频"。

Q25: What does the speaker say about research on sleep?

答案：B。B）同义复现末段前两句问答内容：为何要研究睡眠？（因为）睡眠是一个从未真正在跨文化视角下探究过的话题。A由第3段的“一些研究已发现”过度推出“睡眠研究取得巨大进步”，与前文“研究尚处探索阶段”矛盾。C与第3段“其他一些研究已发现”所暗示的"睡眠研究已得出一些结论”相悖。D对 cross-culturally、attracted断章取义，捏造出”研究受到全世界关注”。