Conversation One

【主题分类】长对话：旅游美食

【高级表达】

1. odd  adj.古怪的

2. abroad  adj./adv./n.在国外 

3. disgusting  adj.令人厌恶

4. fault  n.毛病；缺点

5. set off 出发

【关键句型】

1.     I suppose it's really like anywhere else

我想它和其他地方没什么两样

2.     the coach driver had arranged for us to stop at this little café

长途汽车司机安排我们在这个小咖啡馆停一下

3.     it was incredible 这是难以置信的  

 【听力原文】

M：Guess what? （4）The worst food I've ever had was in France.

W:Really? That's odd.(1) I thought the French were all good cooks.

M：Yes. That's right. I suppose it's really like anywhere else, though. You know,some places are good. Some bad. But it's really all our own fault.

W:What do you mean?                                               *

M:Well,  it was the first time I'd been toFrance. This was years ago when I was at school. (2)I went there with myparents' friends, from my father's school. They'd hired a coach to take them to Switzerland.

W:A school trip?

M：Right. Most of them had never been abroad before. We'd crossed the EnglishChannel at night ,and we set off through France, and breakfast time arrived,and the coach driver had arranged for us to stop at this little cafe. There weall were tired and hungry, and then we made the great discovery.

W:What was that?

M：Bacon and eggs.

W: Fantastic! The real English breakfast.

M: Yes. Anyway, we didn't know anybetter 一so we had it, and ugh…！

W: What was it like?Disgusting?

M: Oh, it was incredible!They just got a bowl and put some fat in it. And then they put some bacon inthe fat, broke an egg over the top and put the whole lot in the oven for aboutten minutes。

W：In the oven! You're joking. You can't cook bacon and eggs in the oven!

M：Well. They must have done it that way. It was hot, but it wasn't cooked. There was just this egg floating about in gallons of fat and raw bacon.

W: (3-1) Did you actuallyeat it?

M：(3-2) No! Nobody did. They all wanted to turn round and go home. You know, backto te­abags and fish and chips. You can't blame them really. Anyway, the next night we were all given another foreign speciality.

W: What was that?

M:(4) Snails. That really finished them off. Lovely holiday that was!

1.What did the woman thinkof the French?

2.Who did the man travelwith on his first trip to Switzerland?

3.What does the man sayabout the breakfast at the little French cafe?

4.What did the man think ofhis holiday in France?

【答案解析】

1. C 答案C 与原文中I thought the French wereall good cooks.表达同义。

2. C  答案C 与原文Iwent there with my parents' friends, from my father's  school.表述一致。

3. A  答案A 与原文Didyou actually eat it? No! Nobody did. 表达一致

4. B 开篇男子提到糟糕的食物，中间提到蛋和培根没人吃，怀念家乡美食，最后提到蜗牛更是毁了他们旅程,表现了对旅程的失望。原文中的句子“Theworst food I've ever had was in France.”和“ Snails. That really finished them off. Lovely holiday that was!”印证了答案B

Conversation Two

【主题分类】长对话：人际关系

【高级表达】

1.figure  n.数字

2.go up steadily 稳定上升

3.gross  adj./n.总的；总数

4. average  v./adj./n. 平均为；平均的；平均数

5.expense n. 代价；开支

【关键句型】

1. They are something in the region of six or seven thousand pounds a year.

每年大约有6到7000磅。

1. because we don't make a point of publicizing

因为我们不着重宣传

1. we happened to mention to a local shopkeeper

我们碰巧向当地的一个店主提起

1. Commercially speaking, it's fairly low.

从商业的角度来说，它是相当低的。

【听力原文】

M：(5) You say your shop has been doing well. Could you give me some idea of what"doing well" means in facts and figures?

W:Well,  “doing well" means averaging£1,200 or more a week for about 7 years, making almost a quarter of a millionpounds. And "doing well" means your earnings are rising. Last year,we did slightly over 50,000 and this year, we hope to do more than 60,000. So,that's good if we continue to rise.

M:Now? that's gross earnings, I assume. What about your expenses?

W:Yes , that's gross. The expenses ? of course, go up steadily. And since we'vemoved to this new shop, the expenses have increased greatly, because it's amuch bigger shop. So I couldn't say exactly what our expenses are. They aresomething in the region of six or seven thousand pounds a year, which is nothigh. (6) Commercially speaking, it's fairly low, and we try to keep ourexpenses as low as we can.

M：(7) And your prices are much lower than the same goods in shops round about.How do the local shopkeepers feel about having a shop doing so well in theirmidst?

W:Perhaps a lot of them don't realize how well we are doing, because we don'tmake a point of publicizing. That was a lesson we learned very early on. (8) Wewere very friendly with all local shopkeepers and we happened to mention to alocal shopkeeper how much we had made that week. He was very unhappy and neveras friendly again. So we make a point of never publicizing the amount of moneywe make. But we are on very good terms with all the shops. None of them haveever complained that we are putting them out of business or anything like that.I think it's a nice friendly relationship. (8)Maybe if they did know what we made? perhaps they wouldn't be so friendly.

5.Whatare the speakers mainly talking about?

6.What does the woman say her shop tries to do?

7.What do we learn about the goods sold at the woman’s shop?

8.Why doesn’t the woman want to make known their earnings anymore?

【答案解析】

5.C  答案选C符合原文You say your shop has been doing well. Could you give me some idea ofwhat "doing well" means in facts and figures?

6.A  答案选A符合原文Commerciallyspeaking, it's fairly low, and we try to keep our expenses as low as we can.

7.D  答案选D符合原文And your prices are much lower than the samegoods in shops round about.

8.A  答案选A，原文中有两处印证1.We were very friendly with all local shopkeepers and we happened tomention to a local shopkeeper how much we had made that week. He was veryunhappy and never as friendly again. So we make a point of never publicizingthe amount of money we make.

2.Maybe if they did know what we made? perhaps they wouldn't be so friendly.

PassageOne

【主题分类】听力篇章：生态环境

【高级表达】

1. deliver  v.递送

2. nest  n./v.巢；筑巢

3. previously  adv. 以前

4. pollutant  n. 污染物

5. migrate  v.移动；移居 

【关键句型】

1.Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that clingto them for the ride.

其他鸟类在飞行中不知不觉地携带了附着在它们身上的种子。

2.The bodies of fish and other meat-eaters canbuild up high levels of the chemicals.

鱼和其他肉食者的身体会积累大量的化学物质。

3.The birds don't mean tocause harm，but the chemicals they carry can cause major problems.

这些鸟并不想造成伤害，但它们携带的化学物质会造成严重的问题。

【听力原文】

Section B

Passage One

Birds are famous for carrying things around. Some,like homing pigeons, can be trained to deliver messages and packages. Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that cling to them for the ride. (9) Canadian scientists have found a worrisome, new example of the power that birds have tospread stuff around. Way up north in the Canadian Arctic, seabirds are picking up dangerous chemicals in the ocean and delivering them to ponds near where thebirds live.

Some 10,000 pairs of the birds， called fulmars, a kindof Arctic seabird, make their nests on Devon Island? north of the ArcticCircle. (10) The fulmars travel some 400 kilometers' over the sea to find food.When they return home, their droppings end up all around their nesting sites,including in nearby ponds.

(11) Previously, scientists noticed pollutantsarriving in the Arctic with the wind. Salmon also carry dangerous chemicals asthe fish migrate between rivers and the sea. The bodies of fish and othermeat-eaters can build up high levels of the chemicals.

To test the polluting powerof fulmars，researchers collected samples of deposit from 11 ponds on DevonIsland. In ponds closest to the colony, the results showed there were far morepollutants than in ponds less affected by the birds. The pollutants in theponds appear to come from fish that fulmars eat when they're out on the ocean.(12) People who live, hunt, or fish near bird colonies need to be careful, the researchers say. The birds don't mean to cause harm，but the chemicals theycarry can cause major problems.

9.What have Canadianscientists found about some seabirds?

10.What does the speakersay about the seabirds called fulmars?

11.What did scientists previouslynotice about pollutants in the Arctic?

12.What does the speakerwarn about at the end of the talk?

【答案解析】

9.C 答案选C符合原文Canadian scientists have found a worrisome, newexample of the power that birds have to spread stuff around. Way up north in the Canadian Arctic, seabirds are picking up dangerous chemicals in the ocean anddelivering them to ponds near where the birds live.

10.D 答案选D符合原文The fulmars travel some 400 kilometers' over the seato find food.

11.B  答案选B符合原文Previously, scientists noticed pollutants arriving inthe Arctic with the wind.

12.B答案选B符合原文People who live, hunt, or fish near bird colonies need to be careful,the researchers say. The birds don't mean to cause harm，but the chemicals theycarry can cause major problems.

PassageTwo

【主题分类】听力篇章：社会问题

【高级表达】

1.centenarian  n./adj.百岁老人；百岁或百岁以上的

2.leading cause  主要原因

3.progressive  adj.进步的；渐进的

4.physically fit  身体健康的

5.ultimately  adv.最后；最终

【关键句型】

1. In recent years, the death rate among…

   最近，在…中的死亡率…

2. people beat the odds ofdying from other diseases such as cancer.

   人们战胜了死于其他疾病的几率，比如癌症。

3. In other words, it appearsthat their minds give out before their bodies do.

  换句话说，他们的大脑似乎比他们的身体更早进入衰竭。

【听力原文】

Passage Two

(13) In recent years, the death rate among Americancentenarians — people who have lived to age 100 or older 一 has decreased,dropping 14 percent for women and 20 percent for men from 2008 to 2014. Theleading causes of death in this age group are also changing. In 2000, the topfive causes of death for centenarians were heart disease, stroke, flu, cancerand Alzheimer's disease. (14) But by 2014, the death rate from Alzheimer'sdisease for this age group had more than doubled — increasing from 3. 8 percentto 8. 5 percent — making the progressive brain disease the second leading causeof death for centenarians. One reason for the rise in deaths from Alzheimer'sdisease in this group may be that developing this condition remains possibleeven after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer.

(15) People physically fitenough to survive over 100 years ultimately give in to diseases such asAlzheimer's which affects the mind and cognitive function. In other words, itappears that their minds give out before their bodies do. On the other hand,the death rate from flu dropped from 7. 4 percent in 2000 to 4.1 percent in2014. That pushed flu from the third leading cause of death to the fifth.                                                                                                   

Overall, the total numberof centenarians is going up. In 2014, there were 72, 197 centenarians ,compared to 50,281 in 2000. But because this population is getting larger, thenumber of deaths in this group is also increasing 一 18,434 centenarians died in2000, whereas 25,914 died in 2014.

13.What does the speaker sayabout the risk of dying for American centenarians in recent  years?

14.What does the speaker sayabout Alzheimer's disease?

15.What is characteristic of people who live up to 100 years and beyond?

【答案解析】

13.D 答案选D符合原文In recentyears, the death rate among American centenarians — people who have lived toage 100 or older 一hasdecreased, dropping 14 percent for women and 20 percent for men from 2008 to2014.

14.A  答案选A符合原文But by2014, the death rate from Alzheimer's disease for this age group had more thandoubled — increasingfrom 3. 8 percent to 8. 5 percent — making the progressive brain disease the secondleading cause of death for centenarians.

15.B  答案选B符合原文People physically fit enough to survive over 100 years ultimately give in to diseases such asAlzheimer's which affects the mind and cognitive function. In other words, itappears that their minds give out before their bodies do.

Recording One

【主题分类】讲座及演讲：爱情

【高级表达】

1.define v.定义

2.component adj./n. 组成的；组成部分

3.intimacy n.亲密

4.commitment n.承诺；保证

5.bond n./v. 纽带；结合

【关键句型】

1.to startthings off  开始

2.it's made up of three components它是由三部分组成

3.these are relatively straightforward这些相对比较简单

4.Passion is the drive that leads to romance.激情是浪漫的驱动力。

【听力原文】

Okay. So let's get started. And to start things off I think what we need to do is consider a definition. (16) I'm going to define what love is but then most of the experiments I'm going to talk about are really focused more on attraction than love. And I'm going to pick a definition from a former colleague, Robert Sternberg, who is now the dean at Tufts University but washere on our faculty at Yale for nearly thirty years. And he has a theory of love that argues that it's made up of three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment, or what is sometimes called decision commitment. And these are relatively straightforward. He argued that you don't have love if you don't have all three of these elements.

Intimacy is the feeling of closeness, of connectedness with someone, of bonding. Operationally, you could think of intimacy as you share secrets? you share information with this person that you don't share with anybody else. Okay. That's really what intimacy is, the bond that comes from sharing information that isn't shared with other people. The second element is passion. Passion is the drive that leads to romance. You can think of it as physical attraction. And Sternberg argues that this is a required component of a love relationship. The third element of love in Sternberg's theory is what he calls decision commitment? the decision that one is in a love relationship, the willingness to label it as such, and a commitment to maintain that relationship at least for some period of time. (17) Sternberg would argue it's not love if you don’t call it love and if you don't have some desire to maintain the relationship. So if you have all three of these? intimacy, passion and commitment, in Sternberg’s theory you have love. (18) Now what's interesting about the theory is what do you have if you only have one out of three or two out of three. What do you have and how is it different if you have a different two out of three? What's interesting about this kind of theorizing is it gives rise to many different combinations that can be quite interesting when you break them down and start to look them carefully. So what I've done is I've taken Sternberg's three elements of love, intimacy, passion and commitment, and I‘ve listed out the different kinds of relationships you would have if you had zero, one, two or three out of the three elements.

16.What does the speaker sayabout most of the experiments mentioned in his talk?

17.What does Robert Sternbergargue about love?

18.What question does thespeaker think is interesting about Sternberg’s three elements of love?

【答案解析】

16.D 答案D可定位到原句I'm going to define what love is but then most of theexperiments I'm going to talk about are really focused more on attraction thanlove.

17.B 答案B可定位到原句Sternberg would argue it's not love if you don^’t call itlove and if you don't have some desire to maintain the relationship.

18.C答案C可定位到原句Now what's interestingabout the theory is what do you have if you only have one out of three or twoout of three. What do you have and how is it different if you have a differenttwo out of three? What's interesting about this kind of theorizing is it givesrise to many different combinations that can be quite interesting when youbreak them down and start to look them carefully.

RecordingTwo

【主题分类】讲座及演讲:社会工作和社会工作者

【高级表达】

1.vulnerable adj.易受攻击/伤害的

2.oppress v.压迫，压抑

3.assessment n.评定

4.counsel n./v. 商议；建议，劝告

5.life-changing decisions 改变生活的决定

【关键句型】

1.its primary mission它的主要任务

2.We deal with the external factors that impact aperson's situation and outlook.

我们会应对影响个人状况和观点的外部因素。

3.Our mission is to promote, protect, and advancethe social work profession.

我们的使命是推动、保护和促进社会工作。

【听力原文】

RecordingTwo

 Hi! I am Elizabeth Hoffler, Master of SocialWork. I am a social worker, a lobbyist, and a special assistant to the executivedirector at the National Association of Social Workers.(19) Today we are goingto be talking about becoming a social worker. Social work is the helpingprofession. (20) Its primary mission is to enhance human well-being and helpmeet the basic needs of all people, with a particular focus on those who arevulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty. Weoften deal with complex human needs. Social work is different from otherprofessions, because we focus on the person and environment. We deal with theexternal factors that impact a person's situation and outlook. And we create opportunity for assessment and intervention, to help clients and communitiescope effectively with their reality and change that reality when necessary.

In thousands of ways social workers help other people,people from every age, every background, across the country. Wherever needed,social workers come to help. The most well-known aspect of the profession isthat of a social safety net. We help guide people to critical resources andcounsel them on life-changing decisions. (21) There are more than 600,000professional social workers in the country, and we all either have a bachelor'sdegree, a master's degree, or a PhD in Social Work. There are more clinicallytrained social workers than clinically trained psychiatrists, psychologists, andpsychiatric nurses combined.

Throughout this series you will learn more about theprofession, the necessary steps to get a social work degree, the rich historyof social work, and the many ways that social workers help others. Later inthis series,  you will hear from StacyCollins and Mel Wilson, fellow social workers at the National Association of Social Workers. Stacy is going to walk you through the step-by-step process ofbecoming a social worker, and (22) Mel will tell you about the range of optionsyou have once you get your social work degree, as well as the high standards ofresponsibility the social workers must adhere to.

The National Association ofSocial Workers represents nearly 145,000 social workers across the country. Ourmission is to promote, protect, and advance the social work profession. We hopeyou enjoy this series about how you can make a difference by becoming a socialworker. Next, we are going to talk about choosing social work.

19.What does the speaker mainly talk about?

20.What do social workers mainly do?

21.What do professional social workers have in common? according to thespeaker?

22.What is Mel Wilson going to talk about in the series?

【答案解析】

19. B 答案选B符合原文Today we are going to be talking about becoming asocial worker. Social work is the helping profession.

20  D 答案选D符合原文Its primary mission is to enhance human well-being andhelp meet the basicneeds of all people, with a particular focus on thosewho are  vulnerable, oppressed, andliving in poverty.

21.  C 答案选C符合原文There are more than 600,000professional social workers in the country, and weall either have a bachelor's degree, a master's degree,or a PhD in Social Work.

22.  A答案选A符合原文Mel will tell you about the range of options youhave once you get your social work degree, as well as the high standards ofresponsibility the social workers must adhere to.

RecordingThree

【主题分类】讲座及演讲:名人广告对孩子的负面影响

【高级表达】

1.high-profile 高调

2.role model 行为榜样

3.obesity n.肥胖

4.epidemic adj./n.流行的；流行病

5.endorsed products支持产品

【关键句型】

1.celebrity role models get behind healthy habits_, but at the same time, promote junk food

名人的榜样们支持健康的习惯，但同时也推广垃圾食品

2.If children are turning to athletes as rolemodels, it's in their best interest if their idols are consistent.

如果孩子们都把运动员当成榜样，那这些偶像们一致的行为对他们是最好的。

3.researchers studied 100 professional athletesand their endorsement contracts.

研究人员对100名职业运动员及其代言合同进行了研究

【听力原文】

Recording Three                                                   

Today, I'd like to talk about, what happens whencelebrity role models get behind healthy habits, but at the same time, promotejunk food. (23) Currently, there's mounting criticism of Michelle Obama's"Let's Move!" campaign, which fights childhood obesity by encouragingyoungsters to become more physically active, and has signed on singer Beyonceand basketball player Shaquille O'Neal, both of whom also endorse sodas, whichare a major contributor to the obesity epidemic. Now there's a lot moreevidence of how powerful a celebrity 一 especially a professional athlete 一 canbe in influencing children's behavior.

In a report published by the Rudd Center for FoodPolicy and Obesity at Yale University, researchers studied 100 professionalathletes and their endorsement contracts. The team focused on athletes sincethey are theoretically the best role models for active, healthy lifestyles forchildren. After sorting the deals by category, they determined that among the512 brands associated with the athletes,  most involved sporting goods , followedclosely by food and beverage brands.

Sports drinks, which are often high in sugar andcalories made up most of the food and drink deals, with soft drinks and fastfood filling out the remainder. Of the 46 beverages endorsed by professionalathletes,  93% relied exclusively onsugar for all of their calories.

It's no surprise that high-profile athletes can influencechildren's eating behaviors, but the scientists were able to quantify howprevalent these endorsements are in the children's environment. Advertisementsfeaturing professional athletes and their endorsed products tend to getimpressive exposure on TV ,radio, in print and online. (24) And in 2010, theresearchers reported that children ages 12 to 17 saw more athlete-endorsed foodand beverage brand commercials than adults.

One reason any campaign wants a popular celebrityspokesperson is because kids are attracted to them no matter what they aredoing. We can't expect kids to turn off that admiration when the same person isselling sugar. At best ,kids might be confused. At worst, they'll think themessages about soda are the same as the messages about water, but those twobeverages aren’t the same.

(25)If children are turningto athletes as role models, it's in their best interest if their idols areconsistent. Consistent messaging of positive behaviors will show healthier life styles for kids to follow.

23.What is the aim of MichelleObama's campaign?

24.What does research findabout advertisements featuring professional athletes?

25.What does the speaker think kids' idols should do?

【答案解析】

23.A 答案选A符合原文Currently, there's mounting criticism of MichelleObama's "Let's Move!" campaign, which fights childhood obesity byencouraging youngsters to become more physically active,

24. D 答案选D符合原文And in2010, the researchers reported that children ages 12 to 17saw more athlete-endorsed food and beverage brand commercials than adults. 

25.D  答案选D符合原文If children are turning to athletes as rolemodels, it's in their best interest if their idols are consistent. Consistentmessaging of positive behaviors will show healthier lifestyles for kids tofollow.