Lab 6. Orofacial muscle training for oral habits

   (This lab practice class is online only.)

Yiran Peng
Department of Pediatric dentistry，West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University

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The Beginning

Part 1：Oral and Maxillofacial muscle anatomy

Anterior neck muscles mandibular descending myo-group

• Suprahyoid mylohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric, geniohyoid
• Infrahyoid muscles thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, sternohyoid

sternocleidomastoid

• Bilateral contract：chin up, head back
• Unilateral contract：rotate and tilt the head
• Fixed：respiration

Part 2：The disorder of oral and maxillofacial muscles & malocclusion

Muscle balance theory：

•The axial inclination of the anterior teeth is determined by adjusting the balance of the muscle strength of the lingual and labial muscles.

Molars are affected by the balance of tongue and masticatory muscles.

Masticatory Muscle：

•Deep overbite
Excessive active function of masticatory muscles

•Open bite
Hypofunction of masticatory muscle

•Unilateral chew
Asymmetrical jawbone morphology

Buccinator

•Sucking the cheek causes narrow dental arch

Standing posture and tension of the Infrahyoid muscles

Mentalis Strain

Tongue size：

• Too large or too small

Tongue Position and Swallowing Pattern

Abnormal Tongue position:

• Forward position or Retraction position

Abnormal Swallowing Pattern：

•The tongue often moves forward , positioned between the upper and lower
incisors, forming a tongue swallowing. The tip of the tongue is between
the anterior teeth, or against the lower incisor when swallowing.

Lip biting habits:

•Bite lower lip or bite upper lip

Mouth breathing

Neck Back muscle Imbalance

Digital sucking：

• Sucking Thumb：narrow dental arch Anterior teeth protrution Jaw retraction, etc
• Sucking index finger：cross bite partial open bite

Part 3：Clinical diagnosis of muscular dystonia

Inquiry and Observe

Oral function examination

Examination of Lip Function Check for lip relaxation and closure

Breath Pattern Examination

Swallowing function

Tongue swallowing function

Part 4：Oral and Maxillofacial Muscle Training

◆Lip Muscle training：

Paper blowing practice

Paper holding practice

Water holding/wrapping practice

"Eating noodles noodles"practice

Button practice/Vestibular Shield practice

◆Tongue Muscle Training：

Tongue springing training

Swallowing Training

Chewing gum training

Tongue slim training

Tongue rolling training

◆Masticatory muscles relaxation training

◆Neck muscles massage and Standing training

Caution:

• Muscle Functional trainings always go with malocclusion treatment

• If there is an existed malocclusion, do muscle training only can hardly give treatment effects

Homework:

2、Pick one or two training, do it by yourself, and record a video.
Please describe the clinical use of the training and why you choose this.
Please send to your class leader, and he/she will send to me together.