News report 1

【主题分类】新闻听力：社会新闻

【高级表达】

Brave strong currents and cold water 不畏湍急冰冷的水流

Set a record 创纪录

Offer his son $ 100 as a reward 提出奖励儿子100美元

Double it to $200 翻倍至200美元

Make it to Alcatraz Island and back成功抵达Alcatraz岛并返回

【关键句型】

1. A California television station in Fresno reported Tuesday that James Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. 加利福尼亚州弗雷斯诺市的一家电视台周二报道称，James Savage创下了游往这座原监狱之岛的最年轻游泳者记录。                                                                        

2. His father said he had offered his son $ 100 as a reward to encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to $200. 他父亲说，先前他已提出要奖励儿子100美元；为了鼓励艰难行进的儿子，他把奖金翻倍至200美元。

3. James pushed forward, making it to AlcatrazIsland and back in a little more than two hours. 詹姆斯劈波斩浪，最终抵达Alcatraz岛并成功返回，共用时两小时多一点

【听力原文】
A 9-year-old Central California boy braved strong currents and cold water toswim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back.

A California television station in Fresno reported Tuesday that James Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. The TV station reported that by completing the swim, the fourth-grade student from Los Banos broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy.

James said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into his swim made him want to give up. His father said he had offered his son $ 100 as a reward to encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to $200. James pushed forward, making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than two hours. Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland.

【话题预测】由选项关键词set a record、swimming、island、SanFrancisco等可知，本则新闻很可能是关于创造游泳纪录的，且涉及岛屿和旧金山地区，听音时应侧重这些方面。

【新闻大意】一个9岁男孩从旧金山游到Alktrask岛屿并创纪录

Q1. What did the boy from Central California do according to the report?
【考核技能】新闻主旨题。重点听开头前两句
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】新闻开头指出，来自加利福尼亚州中部的九岁男孩“在旧金山和恶魔岛之间游了一个来回（swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back）”，随后又说，这名男孩“创下了游往这座原监狱的纪录（其中the former prison回指Alcatraz Island）”, 综上可知A）正确。B）利用男孩年龄“9岁”干扰，但文中并未提到他生日。C）将男孩“游往（swim）这座原监狱的小岛”篡改为“参观（visited）一所监狱"。D）将男孩的游泳路线“往返（swim... to... and back）”篡改为“绕着小岛（around an island）”

Q2. What did the father do to encourage his son?
【考核技能】新闻细节题
【参考答案】 A
【答案解析】题干A）符合第三段男孩父亲的行为“把奖金翻倍到200美元来鼓励自己的孩子（to encourage his... son, he doubled it to $ 200） ”。B）利用个别词汇encourage 捏造“全程加油打气”。C）“树立榜样”新闻中并未提及。D）“电视台报道了男孩的事迹”虽与新闻内容相关，但这并非题干所问“父亲的举措（做什么来鼓励孩子）”

News report 2

【主题分类】新闻听力：熟悉的事件

【高级表达】

Come into effect 生效

Eliminate an annual leave bonus 取消年假奖励

In line with China's one-child policy 契合中国独生子女政策

Take advantage of the existing policy 利用现行政策

Have to be adopted 有待被采纳

【关键句型】

1. On 1 January, new regulations will come into effect which eliminate an annual leave bonus for people who put off marrying until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men. 新规定将于1月1日起生效，年满23周岁结婚的女性和年满25周岁结婚的男性的年假奖励将被取消。            

2. The holiday bonus was designed to encourage young people to delay getting married in line with China's one-child policy. 这一假期奖励意在鼓励年轻人推迟结婚，以契合中国独生子女政策。

3. The changes still have to be adopted by local governments and these procedures take time. 这些政策变动仍有待地方政府采纳，这些程序还需时间。

【听力原文】
On 1 January, new regulations will come into effect which eliminate an annual leave bonus for people who put off marrying until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men, the South China morning post reports.

The holiday bonus was designed to encourage young people to delay getting married in line with China's one-child policy. But with that policy now being abolished, this holiday incentive is no longer necessary, the government says.

In Shanghai, a young couple at a marriage registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy because an extra holiday was a big deal for them. In Beijing, one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced, rather than the usual number of between 70 and 80.

But one lawyer tells the paper that the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and these procedures take time. So people who are rushing to register for marriage can relax.

【话题预测】由选项关键词one-child policy、late marriage、early marriage等可知，本则新闻很可能是关于政策变化的，且涉及结婚早晚，听音时应侧重这些方面。

【新闻大意】由于独生子女政策现已废止，我国将取消晚婚假，新政策变动颁布后上海和北京年轻人的反应是“立刻登记结婚、赶在新法规未生效前享受额外假期”，但是这些政策变动仍有待地方政府采纳，这些程序还需时间。

Q3. What was the purpose of the annual leave bonus in China?
【考核技能】考察新闻中“原因”要素
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】B项同义。第二段说假期奖励的目的是“鼓励年轻人推迟结婚时间（即，鼓励晚婚）”（其中late marriage与to delay getting married同义）。A项与文中设立年假奖励的初衷“契合独生子女政策”（in line with China's one-child policy）相悖；C项由该奖励的目的“鼓励晚婚”臆断出“没有家庭牵绊的职场人士工作效率更高”；D项由常识关联“假期=旅游”捏造而来。

Q4. What do we learn about the new regulations?
【考核技能】事件细节
【参考答案】D【答案解析】D项正确。解读结尾段落转折处律师的话语“新法规还有待地方政府采纳，程序实施仍需时间”（still have to be adopted. . . these procedures take time ）。A项将第三段新政策变动颁布后年轻人的反应"立刻登记结婚、赶在新法规未生效前享受额外假期”过度推断成“年轻人不愿接受这项新法规”，且把“北上两地年轻人的反应”夸大为“所有年轻人的反应”；B项由晚婚假的设立目的“鼓励晚婚”反向臆测出新法规“能够帮助推广早婚”，但在录音材料中“推广早婚”无据可循；C项“经济增长”文中未提。

News report 3

【主题分类】新闻听力：生活

【高级表达】

Launch 创立

Morning-After Maids 宿醉后清晨女佣

Be gainfully employed 有带薪的工作

In most demand 很紧俏

Be flooded with requests 收到大量请求

【关键句型】

1. A New Zealand-based startup company aims to bring messy homes - and even splitting headaches - back to normal.  新西兰一家创业公司正力求使脏乱不堪的家—甚至剧烈头痛—恢复正常。

2. Although they are both gainfully employed, they fit cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends, which is when their service is in most demand anyway. 尽管她们都有带薪的工作，她们还是将清扫工作安插到晚上和周末，反正这恰巧也是她们的服务最紧俏的时段。

3. They are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward.据说，她们正在会见律师，看看怎样才能最好地推进这桩生意。

【听力原文】

Everyone loves a good house party, but the cleaning-up the next morning isn't asenjoyable. Now, however, a New Zealand-based startup company aims to bring messy homes - and even splitting headaches - back to normal.

The properly named startup Morning-AfterMaids, was launched about a month ago in Auckland by roommates Rebecca Foleyand Catherine Ashurst. Aside from cleaning-up, the two will also cook breakfast, and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merry makers. Although they are both gainfully employed, they fit cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends, which is when their service is in most demand anyway.

Besides being flooded with requests from across the country, Foley and Ashurst have also received requests from the U. S. and Canada to provide services there.They are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward.

【话题预测】由选项频繁出现的关键词clean（cleaning、cleanup、cleaners）以及其他关键词service、new company、parties等可知，本则新闻很可能是关于派对后清洁服务的，且涉及一家新公司，听音时应侧重这些方面。

【新闻大意】新西兰两个女佣创业，专门负责清理家庭聚会后的残局。

Q5. What is the news report mainly about?  
【考核技能】主旨大意
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】 第一段提及当前有家新创业公司正力求让聚会后脏乱不堪的家复归正常，即这家新公司意在帮助人们清扫聚会后一片狼藉的家，故C正确。A将第三段“该创业公司所提供的清扫服务受到各国追捧"过度泛化为"全球保洁服务极为紧俏”。B利用“gainfully employed有带薪工作（即，有正式工作）”设障：将“带薪”偷换为“高薪”，且将"有工作（状态）”改为与之相反的“辞去工作”。 gainfully employed原本描述两位创办人的正式工作，D将其套用到二人清扫聚会的兼职工作上。

Q6. What is a common problem with a house party?
【考核技能】细节推断
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】开篇指出，人人喜欢快乐的家庭聚会，但却不喜欢第二天早上的清扫，现有一家创业公司力求帮人们把聚会后脏乱不堪的家收拾干净、恢复原状，可见，家庭聚会把屋子搞得一片狼藉，故B正确。A、C、D均借助生活常识捏造，在录音材料中并无根据。

Q7. What are Rebecca Foley and Catherine Ashurst planning to do?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】原文末句提及公司创办人正计划与律师商谈如何最好地推进公司业务，可知 D正确。A利用第二段相似读音Auckland（公司成立地点）设置干扰，新闻并未说明律师国籍。B利用第三段U. S. and Canada设障，但录音材料为“收到来自美国、加拿大的清扫服务请求”，并未指出两位创办人要去美国、加拿大视察。C中legal dispute 无据可循。

Conversation 1

【主题分类】长对话：生活（考驾照）

【高级表达】

Driver's theory exam 驾照理论考试

Underestimate 低估

Underprepared 准备不充分的

Be on the road （开车）上路

Make a lot more effort 做出更多的努力

【关键句型】

1. How did your driver's theory exam go? 你的驾驶员理论考试考得怎么样？

2. I guess you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time, didn't you? 我猜你第一次是低估了考试的难度，是吧？

3. So this time I'll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully will be successful the first time. 所以这次我得更加努力了，希望一次就过。

【听力原文】
W: Kyle, how did your driver's theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?
M: Yes, I prepared as much as I could, but I was so nervous since it was my second try.The people who worked at the test center were very kind though. We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was just what 1 needed. Then,after the exam, they printed out my result, but I was afraid to open it until I was outside, it was such a relief to pass.
W: Congratulations. I knew you could do it! I guess you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time, didn't you? I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared. But good job in passing the second time. I’m so proud of you. Now, all you have to do next is your road test. Have you had any lessons yet?
M: Yes, thanks, I'm so happy to be actually on the road now. I've only had two driving lessons so far, and my instructor is very understanding, so I'm really enjoying it. And I can't wait for my next session. Although the lessons are rather expensive, 20 pounds anhour, and the instructor says I’ll need about 30 to 40 lessons in total. That's what - six to eight hundred pounds. So this time I'll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully will be successful the first time.
W: Well, good luck.

【话题预测】从第 8—11 题的选项中可知，出现最多的是driving, driver, road test, driving lessons, fail等，由此可预测本对话与驾照考试有关。

【对话大意】两人就男生的驾考进行对话，男生第一次由于没有准备充分没能通过理论考试，第二次通过了，现在正上驾驶课，全力准备路考。

Q8. What did the man do yesterday?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】题干yesterday. C）项driver's theory exam在第一段女士提问中出现，由第二段男士肯定回应确定C）为正确项。A）项driving lesson在对话中有所提及，但并未说明何时。B）和D）分别借男士考试目的“拿驾照”和对话出现的“路考（road test） ”以及男士所说“通过考试松了口气”干扰，但两项均与题干限定的时间“昨天”不符。

Q9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?
【考核技能】原因
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】A）项not well prepared与第3段中underprepared同义，指出男士第二次考试失利原因是“准备不足”。B）、C）、D）虽出现exam/test，但“考试迟到”、“考试形式” 和 “考试流程” 对话中均未提及。

Q10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?
【考核技能】观点意见
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】 costly同义于第5段中rather expensive, B）正确。A）由nervous、 afraid等表示“情绪紧张、害怕”的词推出tough，这是男士自述第二次理论考试的心情，并非对驾驶课程的形容。C）由successful the first time推出，但此处实为男士的期望。

Q11. What does the man hope to do next?
【考核技能】愿望信息
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】A）同义于对话结尾“男士期望hopefully will be successful （on the road test） the first time”。B ）将两大关键词test和drive合为test-drive，但文中test为考试之意，也并未提到“试驾”。C）借男士提到教练的内容来干扰，但男士已经有一位满意的教练，并无另找教练的打算。D）由“驾驶课收费昂贵（six to eighthundred pounds）”编造“挣钱凑上课费用”相关内容。

Conversation 2

【主题分类】长对话：校园场景

【高级表达】

Get accepted to 被录取

Win a scholarship 获得奖学金

Be done with 完成

A music genius 音乐天才

It's better paid and I get to travel. 待遇更好还能旅游

【关键句型】

1. I got accepted to the University of Leeds. 我被利兹大学录取了。

2. Anyway I'm only going to be there for a year, doing my master's. 反正我只在那儿待一年，修完硕士学位。

3. I'm still going to be a teacher, but the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so of experience in England. 我还是打算当老师，但计划是先在英国获得一年左右的经验后，再去其他国家找所国际学校教书

【听力原文】
M: Emma, I got accepted to the University of Leeds. Since you're going to university in England, do you know how much it is for international students to study there?
W: Congratulations. Yes, I believe for international students you'll have to pay around thirteen thousand pounds a year. It's just a bit more than the local students.
M: OK. So that's about seventeen thousand dollars for the tuition and fees. Anyway I'm only going to be there for a year, doing my master's. So it's pretty good. If I stayed in the US, it'd take two years and cost at least fifty thousand dollars in tuition alone. Also, I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leeds which would be pretty awesome. The benefits of being a music genius.
W: Yeah, I heard you're a talented piano player. So you're doing a postgraduate degree now. I'm still in my last year, graduating next June. Finally I'll be done with my studies and could go on to earning loads of money.
M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money in that job then.
W: You'd be surprised. I'm still going to be a teacher, but the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so of experience in England. It's better paid, which reminds me I'm late for my class and I've got some documents I need to prin tout first. I’d better run.

【话题预测】由 12—15 题选项中出现的 study, tuition, international student, teach 等可预测本对话会涉及到学习和工作。

【对话大意】两个学生在讨论他们的学习和毕业后的工作。

Q12. What does the man want to know?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】开篇男士表明自己已被英国利兹大学录取，并询问女士该学校的留学费用是多少（do you know how much it is for international students to study there），there指 the University of Leeds,可见 C）正确。A）利用第一段 Sinceyou're going to university in England干扰，但这是男士向女士询问留学费用的原因。B）所暗示的“还未申请利兹大学”与第一段男士 “已被利兹大学录取（got accepted to the University of Leeds）相悖。 D）利用第一段university编造“申请大学”，对话中无信息支撑。

Q13. What is the man going to do?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】第三段男士指出自己将去利兹大学攻读硕士（doing my master's），第四段女士又指出男士将要去读研究生了（So you're doing a postgraduate degree now），故 D）正确。 A）利用第三段假设条件If I stayed in the US干扰（“假如我留在美国”言外之意“我将离开美国”）。B）利用对话中与高等教育相关的学费、学时等信息干扰，但research 一词在文中无对应。C）利用第三段末句music genius和第四段piano player编造，但两处信息仅说明男士是一位有才华的钢琴手，文中未提到“演出音乐剧”。

Q14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at Leeds University?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】第三段男士指出他很有可能获得奖学金，并称此乃“作为音乐天才的好处（The benefitsof being a music genius）”，可见音乐天赋使男士获得奖学金的可能性大大增加，B）正确。A）、C）均利用申请奖学金的常见条件干扰，recommendations （推荐信）、academic excellence （学业成绩优异）在对话中均未提及。D）利用第六段 experience干扰，但这属于女士情形，文中并未提及男士的独特经历。

Q15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】D）出现在末段女士话语“我计划去海外一所国际学校教书（the plan is to work at an international school overseas）。 A）利用 3、4 段提到的"男士即将攻读硕士学位”干扰。B）将末段女士打算 “先在英国获得些经验（experience in England）”篡改为其打算“定居英国”。C）借末段I get to travel干扰，但这是“到海外国际学校教书” 的好处，而非她的主要打算。

Passage 1

【主题分类】短文听力：说明文（介绍蚂蚁）

【高级表达】

Bug humans 骚扰人类

Keep other creatures in check 抑制其他生物数量

Prevent…from 阻止

Store food in airtight containers 把食物储藏在密封容器中

Store your outside garbage in a lidded can外面的垃圾也要放在带盖的垃圾桶里

【关键句型】

1.  A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans. 极少数蚂蚁会对人类造成伤害。

2. Some, like carpenter ants, can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with electrical units. 有些品种的蚂蚁，比如木蚁，会侵蚀房屋结构, 而其他品种则会弄坏电气装置。

3. Most important of all, avoid giving ants any access to food,particularly sugary food, because ants have a sweet tooth. 最重要的是，别给蚂蚁任何接触食物的机会，尤其是含糖食物，因为蚂蚁偏甜食。

【听力原文】
Scientists have identified thousands of known ant species around the world—and only a few of them bug humans.
Most ants live in the woods or out in nature. There, they keep other creaturesin check, distribute seeds, and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground.
A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans. But those are incredibly challenging to control.
They are small enough to easily slip inside your house, live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That makes them good at getting in, and hard to kick out.
Once they settle in, these insects start affecting your home. In addition to biting ants, other species can cause different kinds of damage. Some, like carpenter ants, can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with electrical units.
Unfortunately, our homes are very attractive to ants, because they provide everything the colony needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter.
So how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes?
Most important of all, avoid giving ants any access to food, particularly sugary food, because ants have a sweet tooth. We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur and store food in air tight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your trash as often as possible, and store your outside garbage in a lidded can, well away from doors and windows.

【话题预测】快速浏览本部分的所有选项可知，由选项中的关键信息species、cause trouble to humans、cause damage to people’s homes、eating sugary food等可大致推测，这篇听力短文是关于某种生物的，而且这种生物具有一定的危害性，可能会给人类家庭带来破坏，听音时应重点关注与此相关的信息。

【篇章大意】本文着重介绍了对于人类房屋有危害的蚂蚁品种以及如何避免蚂蚁入侵我们的家。

Q16. What does the passage say about ants?
【考核技能】主旨大意
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】C）契合开篇所述“虽然科学家发现的蚂蚁多达上千种，但骚扰人类的只有少数几种（only a few of them bug humans），由第三段“极少数蚂蚁会对人类造成伤害” 亦可确定本题答案。A）将第二段“生活在野外的蚂蚁都抑制其他生物的数量（keep other creatures in check）”篡改为“蚂蚁能控制病害（diseases）。 B）利用首段“科学家已发现上千种蚂蚁”臆断为“还有许多蚂蚁品种未被发现”。D）虽然出现在第四段局部信息 live in colonies, 但将文中对群落的描述“成员极多”歪曲为“秩序井然”。  

Q17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】B）出现在第五段信息“木蚁会侵蚀房屋结构（can undermine a home structure）”。A）与第四段“极少数对人类有害的蚂蚁（木蚁也在其中）体型小，能轻易钻进房屋” 相悖。C）与第六段“人类的屋子因能提供水和其他资源而吸引蚂蚁（蚂蚁生存需要水）”相悖。D）利用文中词汇colonies和electrical units形成干扰，但文中只指出“木蚁之外的某些蚂蚁品种（others）会弄坏电气装置”。

Q18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?
【考核技能】获取和分辨信息
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】 A）出现在第八段信息“别给蚂蚁任何接触食物的机会（avoid givingants any access to food）”。B）源于材料末尾doors and windows, 但原文指“垃圾入桶、远离门窗”，且由第四段“对人类有害的蚂蚁可轻而易举钻进家里”可知紧闭门窗并不能防止蚂蚁入屋。C）利用常识干扰，但第四段指出蚂蚁繁殖极快，“破坏附近群落”显然治标不治本。D）虽然出现在第八段sugary food,却把“居民不能让蚂蚁接触到（尤其是含糖）食品”歪曲为“居民自己不要吃含糖食品”。

Passage 2

【主题分类】短文听力：改善老年人的健康状况

【高级表达】

Immune system 免疫系统

Fight infections 抵抗感染

Work very closely with 紧密合作

Blood samples 血样

Life expectancy 预期寿命

【关键句型】

1.  My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. 我研究的重点在于，随着我们的衰老，我们的免疫系统会发生什么变化。

2. They come to the university to provide us with blood samples, to be interviewed, and to help us carry out a whole range of research. 他们来这所大学为我们提供血样、接受釆访并帮助我们进行一系列研究。

3. The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age. 我们的研究将真正影响到的是老年人的健康。

【听力原文】
My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So the job of the immune system is to fight infections. It also protects us from viruses and from auto-immune diseases.
We know that as we get older, it's easier for us to get infections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill. This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't function so well when we age.
In most of our work when we're looking at older adults who've got an illness,we always have to have healthy controls. So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called "The 1000 Elders". These volunteers are all 65 or over but in good health. They come to the university to provide uswith blood samples, to be interviewed, and to help us carry out a whole range of research.
The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age. At the moment we're living much longer. Life expectancy is increasing at two years for every decade. That means an extra five hours a day. I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age and that they're not spending time in hospital with infections, feeling unwell and being generally weak. We want people to be healthy even when they are old.

【话题预测】快速浏览本部分的所有选项，由频繁出现的关键信息immune system可知这篇文章和免疫系统有关，听音时应侧重听与选项关键信息相关的内容。

【篇章大意】作者自述，介绍了“我”在老年保健领域的研究工作，随着年龄的增长，免疫系统也会退化，我们的研究将真正影响并改善老年人的健康。

Q19. What is the focus of the speaker's research?
【考核技能】主旨大意
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】D)是符合讲话人开篇所述信息“我的研究重点是随着人们衰老，免疫系统会怎样 My research focus is on what happens toour immune system as we age)"，其余三项均来自首段对免疫系统功能的介绍(protect us from viruses and auto-immune diseases)，并非题干问及的“研究重点”。  

Q20. What are the volunteers asked to do in the research?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】 B)与第三段末“千名老人自愿参与者前来为我们提供血样、接受采访、协助进行研究(provide us with blood samples, to... and to...)”中的第一项内容契合。A)与第三段“自愿参与者身体状况良好”相悖。C)将第三段“自愿参与者(作为辅助研究对象)以完成研究(help uscarry out...)”夸大为“担任研究助理”。D)将第三段“接受釆访(to be interviewed)”篡改为“釆访病患(interview patients)”。

Q21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】 C)可由第四段研究影响的对象“老年人健康(the realimpact…on health in old age) ”及研究的目标“让老年人健康生活、不必住院(make sure... older adults... not spending time in hospital, want people to be healthy even when they are old)”概括得出。A)将研究目标“老年人免疫系统”泛化为“人体免疫系统"。B)利用immune system，infections等碎片信息制造干扰，但原文仅谈及研究的实际应用，并未谈及其在理论上是否有所进步（Better understanding）。D）由第二段“老年人更容易患病” 这一事实过度推理出“老年人医疗费用高，需要进一步减负”，而讲话人并未提及该问题。

Passage 3

【主题分类】短文听力：记叙文（人物故事）

【高级表达】

Struggle to connect with students 费力地与学生沟通

Coach the school's chess team 指导学校的象棋队

Low income families 低收入家庭

Prove valuable 有价值

Translate into the real world 转化成了现实世界

【关键句型】

1. Dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of chess. 象棋队的几十个学生在准备奔赴田纳西纳什维尔，在全国象棋超级联赛中与其他约5000名年轻人竞技。

2. The school has the highest number of kids from low income families. 学校来自低收入家庭的孩子数量最多。

3. Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it.  Komada喜欢教导他的学生在走每一步之前都要三思。

【听力原文】

When Ted Komada started teaching 14 years ago at Killip Elementary, he didn't know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students. He noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kids would get together to play chess. I know how to play chess. Let me go and show these kids how to do it," he said.
Now Komada coaches the school's chess team. The whole program started as a safeplace for kids to come after school.
And this week, dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of chess. The competition only happens every four years and the last time theteam went, they won the third place in the nation.
Komada says chess gives him and his students control. The school has the highest number of kids from low income families. Police frequent the area day and night, as two months ago, a young man was shot just down the street.
Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it. The lessons prove valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world. Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.

【话题预测】快速浏览本部分的所有选项，由关键词his students、at school、a chess team、a chess competition、national chess champions等可知，短文可能与师生之间的活动有关，而且很可能这些学生参加了某项国际象棋比赛，听音时应侧重听与之相关的内容。

【文章大意】本篇叙述了一个老师在小学教授国际象棋的事，也介绍了这所小学的教学特点。

Q22. What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Killip Elementary?
【考核技能】人物活动
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】 D）同义于Ted Komada注意到的事（a group of kids would get together to play chess一群孩子聚到一起下象棋）。 A）和C）均借首段碎片信息 struggling干扰，但文中指Komada在管理班级、与学生沟通上有困难，并非学生在与同学相处、跟上课程进度上有困难。B）利用常识（学生放学后经常留在学校做作业）干扰，并非文中信息。

Q23. What are dozens of students from Komada's school going to do this week?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】题干出现在第三段首句 And this week, dozens of those students... compete with... at the Super Nationals of chess （本周几十个学生奔赴纳什维尔参加全国象棋超级联赛）。A）、B）、D）利用段中chess team、Nashville等碎片信息编造干扰，均未抓住象棋队“参加比赛（to compete...at the Super Nationals of chess）”这一核心语义

Q24. What do we learn about the students of Killip Elementary ?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】A
【答案解析】A）同义于第四段第二句 The school has the highest number of kids from low income families （学校的大部分孩子来自低收入家庭），选项中Most of them意同the highest number ofkids）。B）将第三段末句“基利普小学象棋队取得了全国赛第三名”夸大为“许多学生成了全国象棋冠军”。C）借第四段信息“学校附近发生枪击案，警察不管白天还是晚上都会频繁到此巡逻”捏造干扰。D）利用Komada的身份“象棋教练” 捏造干扰，但录音未提及其学生是否也成了象棋教练。

Q25. What have the students learned from Komada?
【考核技能】细节
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】B）正确概括末段Komada教导内容“每走一步之前都要认真思考”及学生收获内容“生活中也学会了三思而后行，考虑会出现什么样的结果”。其它三项均抓住了文中提到的“行（move... action）”，但文中并未将之与“言（words）”对比联系，排除A）、C）。D） “抓紧釆取行动”与录音中体现的“想清楚后再行动”相悖，也错误。