New Words

penalty  

/ˈpenəlti/   n.

[C] a  punishment for breaking a law, rule or legal agreement (因违反法律、规则或合约而受到的)惩罚,处罚

e.g.  The penalty for a first offense is a fine.初犯将处以罚款

Intoxicate

/ɪnˈtɑːksɪkeɪt/ adj.

(of  alcoholic drink or a drug)cause(someone) to lose control of their  faculties or behavior(酒精饮料或药物)使喝醉;使麻醉 

e.g.  He'd been in the bar all night and was thoroughly intoxicated.他整夜泡在酒吧里,烂醉如泥

exceed

/ɪkˈsiːd/   vt.

to be  more than a particular number or amount超过,超出 

e.g.  Working hours must not exceed 42 hours a week 

工作时间每周不得超过42小时

Suspension

/səˈspenʃn/  n.

when  someone is not allowed to go to school, do their job, or take part in an  activity for a period of time as a punishment(作为处分)暂时停学(停职)暂时除名 

e g.  He received a six-month suspension for unprofessional他因违反行业准则被停职六个月

Revocation

/ˌrevəˈkeɪʃn/  n.

the  act of cancelling a law. decision, or agreement(法律,决定，协议的)废除,撒销,取消

e.g.  Not paying the fine may mean revocation of your driver's license.不交罚款,你的驾照可能会被吊销

Legislature

/ˈledʒɪslətʃə(r)/  n.

an  institution that has the power to make or change laws立法机关

e.g.  Our legislature passed a law requiring people to wear safety belts while  driving.我国的立法机关通过了一项法律要求人们驾驶时必须系安全带

Mandatory

/ˈmændətɔːri/  adj.

If  something is mandatory, the law says it must be done依法必须做的,强制性的,义务的

e.g.  The offence carries a mandatory life sentence.这种罪行要判无期徒刑

Conviction

·          /kənˈvɪkʃn/  n.

a  decision in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime, or the process  of proving that someone is guilty定罪,判罪

e.g.  They had no previous convictions他们没有犯罪前科

Attorney

/əˈtɜːrni/   n.

a  lawyer who represents people in court律师

e.g.  They paid a high-powered attorney to plead their case他们请了一位非常有能力的律师为他们辩护

Plead

/pli:d/  v.

address  a court as an advocate on behalf of a party 辩护

e.g.  You should get a lawyer to plead for your case.你该请位律师为你的案子辩护。

Charge

/tʃɑːrdʒ/  n.

an  official statement made by the police saying that they believe someone may be  guilty of a crime指控,控告、罪名

e.g.  He was found guilty of all six charges against him他被判六项罪名都成立。

Felony

/ˈfeləni/  n.

a serious  crime such as murder重罪(如谋杀)

e.g.  The crime is considered a felony under state law在州法律中,这是项重罪

Assessment

/əˈsesmənt/   n.

a  process in which you make a judgment about a person or situation, or the  judgment you make评价,评估

e.g.  He made a rapid assessment of the situation.他很快估计了一下形势

Deal

/ di:  l/   n

an  agreement, especially in business, on particular conditions  or buying or doing sth.协议，(尤指)交易

e.g.  He backed out of the deal when he saw the risks  当他看到有风险的时候，立即退出交易

liability  

/ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/  n.

legal  responsibility for something, especially for paying money  that is owed, or for damage or injury(尤指还款，损坏、伤害)

的)责任，义务

e.g.  Tenants have legal liability for damage they cause承租人造成任何损坏都要负法律责任 

Monetary

/ˈmɑːnɪteri/  n.

relating  to money, especially all the money in a particular  country货币的，金融的   

e.g.  Gold was once the basis of the U. S. monetary system黄金曾经是美国货币体系的基础

Curriculum

/kəˈrɪkjələm/   n.

The  subjects that are taught by a school, college, etc., or the things that are  studied in a particular subject.课程

e.g.  Languages are an essential part of the school curriculum.语言是学校课程中必不可少的部分。

Personalize

/ˈpɜːrsənəlaɪz/  vt.

to  discuss a subject by talking about or criticizing the people who are involved  in it, rather than talking about it in a more general way. (讨论某问题时)使针对个人，使个人

e.g.  The mass media tends to personalize politics.大众传媒往往把政治个人化

drunk  driving

Drunk  driving is the offence of driving a vehicle after you have drunk more than  the amount of alcohol that is legally allowed. 酒后驾驶

e.g.  This is your second drunk driving offense this month  这是你本月第二次触犯酒后驾驶的禁令。

crack  down on

to  become more strict in dealing with a problem and punishing the people  involved严厉打击；制裁；镇压

e.g.  The government is determined to crack down on terrorism.政府决心打击恐怖主义

blood  alcohol concentration

the  amount of alcohol contained in the blood血液中的酒精浓度

zero  tolerance

a way  of dealing with crime in which every person who breaks the law, even in a  very small way, is punished as severely as possible.零容忍政策，零宽容政策(指对各种违法行为，不论轻重，一律严惩，绝不容忍的做法)

Jail  term

a  fixed period of time during which someone is put into prison as he has done  something illegal刑期，监禁

e. g,  The police eventually got him, and he served a five-year jail term最终他被警方逮捕,被判了五年的监禁

Ignition  Interlock Device

a  mechanism installed on a motor vehicle's dashboard. Before the vehicle's  motor can be started, the driver first must exhale into the device; if the  resultant breath-alcohol concentration analyzed result is greater than the  programmed blood alcohol concentration, the device prevents the engine from  being started.点火联锁装置

justice  system

the  system by which people are judged in courts of law and criminals are punished司法制度;审判;法律制裁

accountable  for

responsible  for the efforts of your actions and willing to explain or be criticized for  them对……负责

e.g.  Managers must be accountable for their decisions.经理必须对自己做出的决定负责

not  to mention

used  when referring to another thing that relates to what you have just said更不用说

e.g.  It's too far to walk, not to mention that fact that it'll probably be closed by  now anyway.走着去太远了,再说,很可能现在都已经关门了