–SectionA:Software Testing

•Complex Sentences

Original: Many techniques have been developedto perform testing, which attempt to “break” the program, by running one or more tests drown from identified classes of executions deemed equivalent.

Translation: 很多技术已被开发用于执行测试，通过运行一个或多个从已识别的等价执行类中获得的测试，这些技术试图“破坏”程序。

•Exercises

•I. Read the following statements carefully, and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.

__ 1. Test plan should initiatein the early stage of a software project.

__ 2. Developers of the system only need to participate in the first three testing activities.

__ 3. Top-down or bottom-up are two classical integration testing strategies.

__ 4. Test plan is helpful for preventing design defects.

__ 5. Glass-box techniques are used to test the inner structures of software.

•II. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

1. Which statement is wrong about the software testing?

(A) Software testing should cover maintenance process besides development process.

(B) Test plan should be completed before coding.

(C) Test planning and designing activities can forecast potential weaknesses.

(D) The target of the testing can vary at different levels and phases.

2. Which of the following is right about the testing activities?

(A) Unit testing begins when all the units have been completed.

(B) System testing checks whether the system meets the customer’s non-functional requirements.

(C) Acceptance testing checks whether the system meets the customer’s functional requirements.

(D) Before the software is released, it is sometimes given to a small, random set of potential users fo rtrail use. 

3. Which of the following is right about the testing techniques?

(A) The testing techniques performby running one or more identified classes of executions.

(B) The leading testing principleis to identify a representative set of program behaviors.

(C) All the testing techniques areclassified  based on a homogeneous standard.

(D) Black-box techniques do not care how the software has been designed or coded.

•III. Translating.

1. Original: Testing is an activity performed for evaluating product quality, and for improving it, by identifying defects and problems.

Translation: 测试是一项通过识别缺陷和问题以评估和改进产品质量的活动。

2. Original: Modern systematic integration strategies are rather architecture-driven, which implies integrating the software components or subsystems based on identified functional threads.

Translation: 现代系统化的集成策略更倾向于以体系结构为驱动，这就意味着基于已识别的功能部件来集成软件组件或子系统。

–Section B: GPGPU

•Complex Sentences

1.Original:Memory latency is hidden by veryfast context switching; when a memory fetch is issued while processing one subset of data elements, that subset is set aside in favor of another subsetthat is not waiting on a memory reference.

Translation: 内存延迟会被快速的上下文转化所掩盖：当\数据元素的子集在处理过程中需要进行存储器读取时，这个子集会被搁置并让另一个无需在存储器参量中等待的子集运行。

2.Original:With the advent of  GPGPU technology, the capability of single nodes is greatly enhanced, but still does not provide sufficient performance for current HPC applications, which currently rely on systems of tens of thousands of individual CPUs working in concert to achieve the necessary performance.

Translation: 随着GPGPU技术的实现，单个节点的能力大大增强，但仍然不能为当前的HPC应用提供的足够的性能。这些应用目前依赖于数万个单独CPU同时工作的系统，来获取所需要的性能。

•Exercises

•I. Read the following statements carefully, and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.

___1.CPUs can run certain algorithms anywhere from 10 to 100 or more times faster than GPUs

___2. GPGPU computing is not making asignificant impact on high-performance computing in a wide range of application domains.

___3.Algorithms well-suited to GPGPU implementation are those with two properties, which are data parallel and throughput intensive.

___4.One of the disadvantages of GPU is that incorporating GPU hardware into systems adds expense in terms of power consumption, heat production, and cost. 

___5. GPU properties lead to the same processor architecture as traditional CPUs. 

•II. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

1. Which statement is wrong about the GPU?

(A) GPU properties lead to very different processor architecture from traditional CPUs.

(B) Incorporating GPU acceleration into pre-existing codes is more difficult than just moving from one CPU family to another

(C) Data parallel means that a processor can execute the operation on different data elements sequentially.

(D) Throughput intensive means that the algorithm is going to process lots of data elements, so there will be plenty to operate on in parallel. 

2.How many disadvantages of GPU have been mentioned in this article?

(A)One

(B)Two 

(C)Three

(D)Four 

3. Which application now provides GPGPU acceleration?

(A)Microsoft  Word

(B)Adobe  Photoshop

(C)Google  Docs

(D) MATLAB

•III. Translating.

1.Original:Perhaps not surprisingly,pixel-based applications such as computer vision and video and image processing are very well suited to GPGPU technology, and for this reason, many of the commercial software packages in these areas now include GPGPU acceleration.

Translation: 不难想象，基于像素的应用（例如计算机视觉、视频、图像处理）非常适合于GPGPU技术来处理，并且由此，很多这些领域的商业软件包都包含了GPGPU加速。

2.Original:Gaining this speedup requires that algorithms are coded to reflect the GPU architecture, and programming for the GPU differs significantly from traditional CPUs.

Translation: 为了达到这样的提速，算法必须根据GPU的结构来编码，而针对GPU的编程与针对传统的CPU有很大的不同。