参考资料：

[1] Complex Systems: A Survey. M. E. J.Newman.

[2]复杂系统与复杂网络。何大韧，刘宗华，汪秉宏。

[3] Bernard Feltz et al (2006).Self-organization and Emergence in Life Sciences. ISBN 9781402039164

[4] Ashby, W. R.(1947). "Principles of the Self-Organizing Dynamic System".

[5] Camazine,Deneubourg, Franks, Sneyd, Theraulaz, Bonabeau, Self-Organization in BiologicalSystems, Princeton University Press, 2003.

[6] Krugman, P. (1995)The Self Organizing Economy. Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 1557866996.