Word

Meaning

中文

Semiconductor

a solid substance that conducts electricity in particular conditions, better than insulators but not as well as conductors

[电子][物] 半导体

Moore’s Law

Moore's law is the observation that, over the history of computing hardware, the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two years. The period often quoted as "18 months" is due to Intel executive David House, who predicted that period for a doubling in chip performance (being a combination of the effect of more transistors and their being faster).

An axiom of microprocessor development usually holding that processing power doubles about ever 18 months especially relative to cost or size.

摩尔定律

wafer

a small adhesive disk of paste

n. 圆片，晶片

microprocessor

a small unit of a computer that contains all the functions of the central processing unit

微处理器；微处理机

AMD

Advanced Micro Devices

超微半导体公司

valence

electrons in the outer shell

n. [化学]价；[化学]原子价；[化学]化合价；效价

Silicon

( symbol Si) a chemical element. Silicon exists as a grey solid or as a brown powder and is found in rocks and sand. It is used in making glass and transistors .

[化学] 硅；硅元素

Germanium

( symbol Ge) a chemical element. Germanium is a shiny grey element that is similar to a metal (= is a metalloid ) .

锗

Indium

a chemical element. Indium is a soft silver-white metal.the chemical element of atomic number 49.

[化学] 铟（49号元素）

Antimony

 a chemical element. Antimony is a silver-white metal that breaks easily, used especially in making alloys . the chemical element of atomic number 51.

（化学元素）锑元素（符号 Sb）

Intrinsic Semiconductors

When silicon atoms combine to form a crystal they arrange into a systematic pattern.

本征半导体；纯半导体

covalent bond

A chemical bond formed between atoms by the sharing of electrons.

a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule

共价键

Extrinsic Semiconductors

杂质半导体

impurity

 a substance that is present in small amounts in another substance, making it dirty or of poor quality

杂质

doping

The process of adding these impurities is called doping

[电子学](在半导体材料中)掺杂(质)

PN Junction

Where the N-Type to the P-Type side meet is called the PN Junction

PN结

Diode

an electronic device in which the electric current passes in one direction only, for example a silicon chip

[电子] 二极管

hole

空穴

The Depletion Region

耗尽层；空间电荷层

the Barrier Potential

势垒

Forward Bias

 an external supply connected with the positive to the p-type material and the negative to the n-type material.

正向偏置

Reverse Bias

an external supply connected with the positive to the n-type material and the negative to the p-type material.

反向偏置

Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV)

峰值反向电压

active device

有源元件

Non-Ohmic Device

非欧姆元件

photon

 a unit of electromagnetic energy

光子；光量子

LED

Light Emitting Diodes

发光二极管

infrared LED

红外线发光二极管

Resistor Colour Codes

电阻颜色代码