vocabulary
Word | Meaning | 中文 |
Electrical energy | Electrical energy is energy newly derived from electrical potential energy. | 电能 |
mechanical energy | energy in a mechanical form | 机械能 |
DC | direct current | 直流电 |
AC | Alternating Current | 交流电 |
AC Supply and Distribution | · 交流供配电
| |
motor | machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion
| 电机；发动机；内燃机 |
transformer | a device for reducing or increasing the voltage of an electric power supply, usually to allow a particular piece of electrical equipment to be used | 变压器 |
Semiconductor | a solid substance that conducts electricity in particular conditions, better than insulators but not as well as conductors | 半导体 |
sensor | a device that can react to light, heat, pressure, etc. in order to make a machine, etc. do sth or show sth | 传感器 |
Control & Safety | 控制和安全 | |
Protection | 保护 | |
Measurement | 测量 | |
2/Electricity | a form of energy from charged elementary particles , usually supplied as electric current through cables, wires, etc. for lighting, heating, driving machines, etc. Electricity is the movement of electrons from one place to another | 电力；电流 |
electron | a very small piece of matter (= a substance) with a negative electric charge, found in all atoms | 电子 |
conductor | a substance that allows electricity or heat to pass along it or through it. Electrons flow easily in CONDUCTORS – these are materials that allow electron flow. cable or wire | 导体 |
Insulator | a material or device used to prevent heat, electricity, or sound from escaping from sth； A substance or device which does not readily conduct electricity； a block of material,typically glass or cramic,enclosing a wire carrying an elecric current where it crosses a support. eg; plastic, air, PVC, wood, ceramic etc. | 隔热（或绝缘、隔音等的）材料（或装置）;绝缘体；绝缘子 |
Metal | eg; Copper, aluminium, steel, gold, lead, etc. | 金属 |
silvier | a chemical element. Silver is a greyish-white precious metal used for making coins, jewellery, decorative objects, etc. | 银 |
copper | a chemical element. Copper is a soft reddish-brown metal used for making electric wires, pipes and coins | 铜 |
gold | a chemical element. Gold is a yellow precious metal used for making coins, jewellery, decorative objects, etc. | 金 |
aluminium | 英 [æl(j)ʊ'mɪnɪəm] 美 [,æljə'mɪnɪəm]
| adj. 铝的 n. 铝 |
conductivity /Electrical conductivity
| The degree to which a specified material conducts electricity, calculated as the ratio of the current density in the material to the electric field which causes the flow of current. It is the reciprocal of the resistivity. | 电导率；导电性 |
3/Electromotive Force(EMF)
| Physics a difference in potential that tends to give rise to an electric current. the rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; expressed in volts EMF is the force that causes a current to flow.
| 电动势 |
Voltage | the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts；unit volt | 电压 |
electric potential/potential/potential difference/potential drop
| N the work required to transfer a unit positive electric charge from an infinite distance to a given point against an electric field | 电位 |
arc | a spark when electricity tries to go through an insulator | 电弧 |
plasma
| a gas that contains approximately equal numbers of positive and negative electric charges and is present in the sun and most stars which is a good conductor | 等离子体；等离子气体 |
air gap
| [电] 气隙 | |
switch | a small device that you press or move up and down in order to turn a light or piece of electrical equipment on and off； control consisting of a mechanical or electrical or electronic device for making or breaking or changing the connections in a circuit | 开关 |
charge | the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons | 电荷 |
Static Electricity | A stationary electric charge, typically produced by friction,which causes sparks or cracking or the attraction of dust or hair | [电磁] 静电；静位觉 |
Current Flow/electric current/current | a flow of electricity through a conductor the current was measured in amperes；unit amp | 电流 |
conventional current | opposite electron flow.eg.The direction of conventional current flow is counterclockwise. Note that conventional current flow is used, hence the current in each element is shown in the direction of decreasing voltage. | 常规电路、电流方向 |
Amp | Ampere | 安培 |
Coulomb
| · a unit for measuring electric charge · /ˈkuːlɒm/
| 库仑（电量单位） |
Nichrome
| · /ˈnaɪˌkroʊm/
| [材] 镍铬铁合金，[材] 镍铬耐热合金 |
tungsten
| · /ˈtʌŋstən/
| [化学] 钨 |
Resistance
| a material's opposition to the flow of electric current; measured in ohms; The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is a measure of thedifficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor.unit of resistance is ohm electric resistance、 electrical resistance、 impedance、 resistivity、 ohmic resistance | 阻力；电阻；抵抗；反抗；抵抗力 |
a resistor | A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. | 电阻器 |
load | The load is what the circuit powers and every circuit has at least one. | 负载 |
resistive, | exhibiting or relating to electrical resistance | 电阻的 |
capacitive | of or relating to capacitance | 电容性的 |
inductive | arising from inductance | 感应的；归纳法；电感的；诱导的 |
open circuit | an incomplete electrical circuit in which no current flows | [电] 开路 |
closed circuit | the circuit is connected - current flows in the circuit | 通路 |
Ohm’s Law | Current, Voltage and Resistance are related by the formula known as Ohms Law.The basis of all electrical calculation | 欧姆定律 |
ratio | a fraction with no powers | 比例 |
battery | voltage source | 电池 |
Power Supply | 电源 |
